Dopamine release in response to a psychological stress in humans and its relationship to early life maternal care:: a positron emission tomography study using [11C]raclopride
Dopamine release in response to a psychological stress in humans and its relationship to early life maternal care:: a positron emission tomography study using [11C]raclopride
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3422-03.2004
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发表时间：
2004-03-17
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Dagher, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pruessner, JC;Champagne, F;Dagher, A
中脑边缘多巴胺被认为在奖励处理中发挥作用。然而，动物研究也表明，多巴胺的释放是对厌恶性压力刺激的反应。此外，在动物研究中，母婴关系的破坏已被证明会对中脑边缘多巴胺系统和下丘脑-垂体肾上腺轴产生长期影响。因此，我们研究了人类受试者在应对压力时的多巴胺释放，考虑到与早年父母照顾的关系。我们采用电话访谈和问卷调查相结合的方式，对 120 名健康的年轻大学生进行了早期父母照顾的筛查。然后，来自父母照顾分布最高端的五名学生和来自最底层的五名学生被邀请使用 [C-11] 雷氯必利和社会心理压力任务进行正电子发射断层扫描研究。心理社会压力源导致腹侧纹状体中多巴胺的显着释放，这通过报告父母照顾程度较低的受试者在压力与静息条件下的[C-11]雷氯必利结合电位的降低来表明。此外，唾液皮质醇对压力的反应程度与腹侧纹状体中[C-11]雷氯必利结合的减少显着相关（r = 0.78），这与皮质醇对多巴胺神经元放电的促进作用一致。这些数据表明，厌恶性压力事件可能与人类中脑边缘多巴胺的释放有关，并且本文提出的方法可能有助于研究早期生活事件对神经生物学压力系统的影响。
Mesolimbic dopamine is thought to play a role in the processing of rewards. However, animal studies also demonstrate dopamine release in response to aversive stressful stimuli. Also, in animal studies, disruptions of the mother - infant relationship have been shown to have long-lasting effects on the mesolimbic dopamine system and the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis. We therefore investigated dopamine release in response to stress in human subjects, considering the relationship to early life parental care. We screened 120 healthy young college students for parental care in early life using a combination of telephone interviews and questionnaires. Five students from the top end and five students from the bottom end of the parental care distribution were then invited for a positron emission tomography study using [C-11] raclopride and a psychosocial stress task. The psychosocial stressor caused a significant release of dopamine in the ventral striatum as indicated by a reduction in [C-11] raclopride binding potential in the stress versus resting condition in subjects reporting low parental care. Moreover, the magnitude of the salivary cortisol response to stress was significantly correlated with the reduction in [C-11] raclopride binding in the ventral striatum (r = 0.78), consistent with a facilitating effect of cortisol on dopamine neuron firing. These data suggest that aversive stressful events can be associated with mesolimbic dopamine release in humans, and that the method presented here may be useful to study the effects of early life events on neurobiological stress systems.