The biological function of sand fly and Leishmania glycosidases.
The biological function of sand fly and Leishmania glycosidases.
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白蛉和利什曼原虫糖苷酶的生物学功能。
DOI：
10.1007/s004300100079
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Eisenberger,CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacobson,RL;Schlein,Y;Eisenberger,CL
本文综述了近年来有关沙蝇及其利什曼原虫糖苷酶的研究进展。糖苷酶催化多糖的复杂糖亚单位水解成单糖。大利什曼原虫分泌几丁质酶和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖酶，这使它们能够在沙蝇的肠道中存活，并在促进它们通过白纹伊蚊的传播方面起着重要作用。这些酶广泛存在于锥虫体内，基因位点高度保守。沙蝇以植物为食，摄入的组织中可能含有沙蝇无法消化的纤维素颗粒。纤维素酶由BYL分泌。这可能有助于分解感染果蝇的纤维素并维持它们的生长。淀粉是叶片中储存的主要光合作用产物。在野外捕获的沙蝇的中肠中发现了淀粉粒，而在长斑潜蝇的唾液腺和其他器官中也发现了淀粉的专一性酶α-淀粉酶。帕帕塔西。α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶在BYL中表达。主要前鞭毛虫和α-葡萄糖苷酶由几个锥虫属分泌，但不是所有被研究的锥虫属都能分泌。最初设计用来扩增yP的引物。通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)还扩增了所有旧世界利什曼原虫的DNA，表明该基因在沙蝇和这些寄生虫之间高度保守。
This is a summary of the recent work on some glycosidases of sand flies and theirLeishmaniaparasites. Glycosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of complex sugar subunits of polysaccharides into simple sugars.Leishmania majorparasites secrete chitinase andN-acetylglucosaminase, which enables them to survive in the gut of the sand fly and are important in facilitating their transmission by the phlebotomine sand flyPhlebotomus papatasi. These enzymes are found in a wide range of trypanosomatids and the gene locus is highly conserved. The sand flies feed on plants and the ingested tissues may contain cellulose particles that the sand flies are unable to digest. Cellulolytic enzymes are secreted byL. majorpromastigotes and this may help to break down cellulose in infected flies and sustain their growth. Starch is a main photosynthesis product that is stored in leaves. Starch grains have been found in the midguts of field caught sand flies and α-amylase, the specific enzyme for starch, has been found in the salivary glands and other organs ofLutzomyia longipalpisandP. papatasi. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase are expressed byL. majorpromastigotes and α-glucosidase is secreted by several trypanosomatid genera, but not by all those examined. Primers originally designed to amplifyP. papatasiamylase DNA sequences, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), also amplified DNA from all Old WorldLeishmaniaspecies, indicating that the gene is highly conserved between sand flies and these parasites.