Target Trial Emulation Using Hospital-Based Observational Data: Demonstration and Application in COVID-19.
Target Trial Emulation Using Hospital-Based Observational Data: Demonstration and Application in COVID-19.
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DOI:
10.3390/life13030777
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发表时间:
2023-03-13
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wolkewitz M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Martinuka O;Cube MV;Hazard D;Marateb HR;Mansourian M;Sami R;Hajian MR;Ebrahimi S;Wolkewitz M
Methodological biases are common in observational studies evaluating treatment effectiveness. The objective of this study is to emulate a target trial in a competing risks setting using hospital-based observational data. We extend established methodology accounting for immortal time bias and time-fixed confounding biases to a setting where no survival information beyond hospital discharge is available: a condition common to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research data. This exemplary study includes a cohort of 618 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We describe methodological opportunities and challenges that cannot be overcome applying traditional statistical methods. We demonstrate the practical implementation of this trial emulation approach via clone–censor–weight techniques. We undertake a competing risk analysis, reporting the cause-specific cumulative hazards and cumulative incidence probabilities. Our analysis demonstrates that a target trial emulation framework can be extended to account for competing risks in COVID-19 hospital studies. In our analysis, we avoid immortal time bias, time-fixed confounding bias, and competing risks bias simultaneously. Choosing the length of the grace period is justified from a clinical perspective and has an important advantage in ensuring reliable results. This extended trial emulation with the competing risk analysis enables an unbiased estimation of treatment effects, along with the ability to interpret the effectiveness of treatment on all clinically important outcomes.
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影响因子:
4.9
作者:
Cohen JB;D'Agostino McGowan L;Jensen ET;Rigdon J;South AM
通讯作者:
South AM
影响因子:
105.7
作者:
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影响因子:
5
作者:
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通讯作者:
Robins, James M.
DOI:
10.1056/nejmoa2115463
发表时间:
2022-01-13
期刊:
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子:
--
作者:
Dickerman BA;Gerlovin H;Madenci AL;Kurgansky KE;Ferolito BR;Figueroa Muñiz MJ;Gagnon DR;Gaziano JM;Cho K;Casas JP;Hernán MA
通讯作者:
Hernán MA
DOI:
10.1097/ede.0000000000001369
发表时间:
2021-07-01
期刊:
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Ben-Michael E;Feller A;Stuart EA
通讯作者:
Stuart EA