Development of science and policy related to acid deposition in East Asia over 30 years
Development of science and policy related to acid deposition in East Asia over 30 years
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DOI：
10.1007/s13280-022-01702-6
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发表时间：
2022-02
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
H. Akimoto;Keiichi Sato;H. Sase;Yao Dong;M. Hu;L. Duan;Y. Sunwoo;Katsunori Suzuki;Xiaoyan Tang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Akimoto;Keiichi Sato;H. Sase;Yao Dong;M. Hu;L. Duan;Y. Sunwoo;Katsunori Suzuki;Xiaoyan Tang
20世纪90年代以来，东亚（东北亚和东南亚）的科学和公众对酸沉积及其生态影响的兴趣有所增加。自2001年成立以来，东亚酸沉降监测网络（EANET）于2021年庆祝成立20周年，目前正在扩大范围，反映了近年来社会关注从酸沉降转向更广泛的空气质量和气候变化。本文综述了东亚地区近30年来与酸性沉积有关的科学研究和政策发展。自21世纪初以来，东亚地区的二氧化硫和一氧化碳排放量在世界各大洲中最高，各国之间存在严重的经济发展不平等。对硫氮沉降、内陆水和森林土壤酸化以及森林退化的研究综述表明，尽管有文献记载内陆水和森林土壤酸化有限，但东亚地区鱼类和其他水生生物种群未见减少的报道。在综述了东亚地区硫、氮源受体关系和临界负荷的政策导向模型研究的基础上，讨论了东亚地区硫、氮源受体关系模型的历史、成功和挑战。最后，讨论了知识共同体作为该地区科学与政策之间的接口的重要性。区域治理与合作是减少温室气体，特别是短期气候污染物和大气污染物排放，实现减缓全球气候变化和改善空气质量的共同效益的关键。
Scientific and public interest in acid deposition and its ecological impacts have increased throughout 1990s in East Asia (Northeast and Southeast Asia). After being established in 2001, the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) celebrates the 20th anniversary in 2021, and is now being expanded in scope reflecting the shifting social concern from acid deposition to broader air quality and climate change in recent years. This paper reviews the past 30 years of development of scientific research and policy related to acid deposition in East Asia. Since the onset of the twenty-first century, East Asia has had the highest SO2and NOxemissions in the world by continents, with substantial economic developmental inequality among countries. An overview of studies on sulfur and nitrogen deposition, the acidification of inland water and forest soil, and forest decline reveal that although limited acidification of inland water and forest soils have been documented, no decline in the populations of fish and other aquatic biota has been reported in East Asia. After a review of policy-oriented modeling studies on source receptor relationships and the critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen in East Asia, the history of EANET and its success and challenges are discussed. Finally, the importance of epistemic communities as the interface between science and policy in the region is discussed. Regional governance and cooperation are essential for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, especially short-lived climate pollutants and atmospheric pollutants to realize the co-benefits of global climate change mitigation and improved air quality.