The Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Digestive System Neoplasms: A Review

The Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Digestive System Neoplasms: A Review
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人工智能在消化系统肿瘤中的应用:综述

DOI:
10.34133/hds.0005
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发表时间:
2022-12
期刊:
Health Data Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jie Tian
Jie Tian
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shuaitong Zhang;Wei Mu;Di Dong;Jingwei Wei;Mengjie Fang;Lizhi Shao;Yu Zhou;Bingxi He;Song Zhang;Zhenyu Liu;Jianhua Liu;Jie Tian

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重要性 消化系统肿瘤 (DSN) 是癌症相关死亡的主要原因,其 5 年生存率低于 20%。医学图像(包括内窥镜图像、全幻灯片图像、计算机断层扫描图像和磁共振图像)的主观评估在 DSN 的临床实践中发挥着至关重要的作用,但其性能有限,并且增加了放射科医生或病理学家的工作量。人工智能(AI)在医学图像分析中的应用有望增强医学图像的视觉解释,不仅可以自动化复杂的评估过程,还可以将医学图像转换为与肿瘤异质性相关的定量成像特征。我们简要介绍了人工智能用于医学图像分析的方法,然后回顾了其在食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和肝细胞癌等 4 种典型 DSN 上的临床辅助诊断、治疗反应评估和预后预测等临床应用。结论 AI技术在支持DSN临床诊断和治疗决策方面具有巨大潜力。在将 DSN 应用于临床实践之前,需要克服几个技术问题。
Importance Digestive system neoplasms (DSNs) are the leading cause of cancer-related mortality with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. Subjective evaluation of medical images including endoscopic images, whole slide images, computed tomography images, and magnetic resonance images plays a vital role in the clinical practice of DSNs, but with limited performance and increased workload of radiologists or pathologists. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical image analysis holds promise to augment the visual interpretation of medical images, which could not only automate the complicated evaluation process but also convert medical images into quantitative imaging features that associated with tumor heterogeneity. Highlights We briefly introduce the methodology of AI for medical image analysis and then review its clinical applications including clinical auxiliary diagnosis, assessment of treatment response, and prognosis prediction on 4 typical DSNs including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion AI technology has great potential in supporting the clinical diagnosis and treatment decision-making of DSNs. Several technical issues should be overcome before its application into clinical practice of DSNs.
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