Viewpoint matters: Exploring the involvement of reference frames in multiple object tracking from a developmental perspective
Viewpoint matters: Exploring the involvement of reference frames in multiple object tracking from a developmental perspective
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogdev.2015.10.004
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Huff, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brockhoff, Alisa;Papenmeier, Frank;Huff, Markus
早期的研究表明，动态对象的视觉跟踪受基于场景和基于对象的参照系的支持，这取决于场景位移的大小(Huff，Jahn，&Schwan，2009；Liu等人，2005)。目前的实验通过比较突然场景旋转对五个年龄组(1、3、5、7年级和成年人)3D场景中多个动态对象的跟踪性能的影响，来测试这种模式是否也适用于更年轻的参与者，即学龄儿童。场景旋转有两个结果：(1)整个场景的置换和(2)单个对象的置换。123名参与者的跟踪准确性被测量了五个年龄组(1，3，5，7年级和成年人)。对于5名S来说，在总共8个相同的物体中，有1个或3个目标独立移动。在3个S之后，场景保持不变或旋转10度或20度。所有参与者的跟踪成绩都远高于概率水平(概率为0.5)，并观察到随年龄增长的成绩提高。对比这两个因素可以看出，场景旋转对性能的影响比对象位移更大。此外，突然旋转的影响与年龄无关。这些发现表明，异心参照系支持对视点突变的注意力跟踪，并且基于场景的跟踪在人类发育的早期就已经应用。根据将MOT与分组进程(本地和全球)联系起来的新研究，讨论了研究结果。我们认为，基于场景的或向外加工能力经历了与分组技能相似的发展过程，或者与分组技能有关。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Earlier studies demonstrated that visual tracking of dynamic objects is supported by both scene-based and object-based reference frames, depending on the magnitude of scene displacement (Huff, Jahn, & Schwan, 2009; Liu et al., 2005). The current experiment tests if this pattern also applies to younger participants, i.e. school-age children, by comparing the effects of abrupt scene rotations on tracking performance of multiple dynamic objects in a 3D scene across five age groups (grade 1, 3, 5, 7 and adults). Scene rotations have two consequences: displacement of (1) the whole scene and, (2) individual objects. Tracking accuracy of 123 participants was measured across five age groups (grades 1, 3, 5, 7, and adults). Either 1 or 3 targets moved independently among a total of 8 identical objects for 5 s. The scene remained constant or was rotated by 10 degrees or 20 degrees after 3 s. Tracking performance of all participants was well above chance level (probability of 0.5) and an age-related increase in performance was observed. Contrasting the two factors revealed that scene rotation had a greater impact on performance than object displacement. Further, the effect of abrupt rotations was independent of age. These findings suggest that allocentric reference frames support attentive tracking across abrupt viewpoint changes and that scene-based tracking is already applied early in human development. Findings are discussed in light of new studies that link MOT to grouping processes (local and global). We propose that scene-based or allocentric processing abilities undergo a similar development as, or are connected to, grouping skills. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.