Using 'sentinel' plants to improve early detection of invasive plant pathogens
Using 'sentinel' plants to improve early detection of invasive plant pathogens
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利用“哨兵”植物改善入侵植物病原体的早期检测
DOI：
10.1101/2022.09.01.506171
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lovell-Read F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lovell-Read F
植物传染病对国际生物安保构成持续和日益严重的威胁，影响广泛。植物病害管理的一个重要挑战是实现入侵病原体的早期检测，这需要通过实施适当的监测方案进行有效监测。然而，当监测依赖于目视检查作为检测手段时，监测往往受到长潜伏期（从感染到症状出现的延迟）的阻碍，在此期间，植物可能具有感染性，但不显示可见的症状。“哨兵”植物-能更快地显示出明显感染症状的替代易感宿主物种-可以被引入高危人群，并纳入监测方案，作为感染的早期预警信标。然而，虽然前哨宿主表现出更快的疾病进展，因此可以更早地检测到病原体，但这通常是有代价的：更快的疾病进展通常会促进更早的传播。在这里，我们构建了一个病原体传播的计算模型，以探索这种权衡，并研究如何包括哨兵植物监测计划可以促进入侵植物病原体的早期检测。使用木霉菌fastidiosainfection在油橄榄（欧洲橄榄）作为当前的高姿态的案例研究，其中长春花（长春花长春花）是一个候选的哨兵主机，我们应用贝叶斯优化算法来确定最佳的哨兵主机的数量引入给定的采样工作，以及有限的监测资源之间的作物和哨兵植物的最佳划分。我们的研究结果表明，在监测方案中包括哨兵植物可以大大降低疫情检测后的预期感染率，增加当地疫情遏制的可行性。
Infectious diseases of plants present an ongoing and increasing threat to international biosecurity, with wide-ranging implications. An important challenge in plant disease management is achieving early detection of invading pathogens, which requires effective surveillance through the implementation of appropriate monitoring programmes. However, when monitoring relies on visual inspection as a means of detection, surveillance is often hindered by a long incubation period (delay from infection to symptom onset) during which plants may be infectious but not displaying visible symptoms. ‘Sentinel’ plants–alternative susceptible host species that display visible symptoms of infection more rapidly–could be introduced to at-risk populations and included in monitoring programmes to act as early warning beacons for infection. However, while sentinel hosts exhibit faster disease progression and so allow pathogens to be detected earlier, this often comes at a cost: faster disease progression typically promotes earlier onward transmission. Here, we construct a computational model of pathogen transmission to explore this trade-off and investigate how including sentinel plants in monitoring programmes could facilitate earlier detection of invasive plant pathogens. UsingXylella fastidiosainfection inOlea europaea(European olive) as a current high profile case study, for whichCatharanthus roseus(Madagascan periwinkle) is a candidate sentinel host, we apply a Bayesian optimisation algorithm to determine the optimal number of sentinel hosts to introduce for a given sampling effort, as well as the optimal division of limited surveillance resources between crop and sentinel plants. Our results demonstrate that including sentinel plants in monitoring programmes can reduce the expected prevalence of infection upon outbreak detection substantially, increasing the feasibility of local outbreak containment.