Effect-Directed Analysis of Municipal Landfill Soil Reveals Novel Developmental Toxicants in the Zebrafish Danio rerio
Effect-Directed Analysis of Municipal Landfill Soil Reveals Novel Developmental Toxicants in the Zebrafish Danio rerio
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DOI：
10.1021/es201099s
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Wegener, Jan Willem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Legler, Juliette;van Velzen, Martin;Wegener, Jan Willem
效应导向分析（EDA）是一种利用生物学和化学相结合的方法，用于识别复杂样本中导致毒性的（未知）污染物。这项工作的目标是应用EDA来识别从前市政垃圾填埋场收集的土壤样品中的发育毒物。土壤样品提取，分馏，并在斑马鱼的胚胎毒性试验的发育影响进行了测试。气相色谱质量选择性检测（GC-MSD）的化学筛选，以揭示候选发育毒物的馏分显示效果。在平行研究中，还将液相色谱-混合线性离子阱Orbitrap质谱法应用于一种极性亚级分（Hoogenboom等人，J. Chromatogr. A 2009，1216，510-519）。EDA鉴定了一些以前未知的发育毒物，这些毒物通过GC-MS证实存在于土壤中，包括11 H-苯并[B]芴、9-甲基吖啶、4-氮杂芘和2-苯基喹啉，以及一种已知的发育毒物（retene）。这项工作揭示了环境中可能影响脊椎动物发育的新污染物的存在，这些污染物不受当前土壤质量评估指南的监测或监管。
Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is an approach used to identify (unknown) contaminants in complex samples which cause toxicity, using a combination of biology and chemistry. The goal of this work was to apply EDA to identify developmental toxicants in soil samples collected from a former municipal landfill site. Soil samples were extracted, fractionated, and tested for developmental effects with an embryotoxicity assay in the zebrafish Danio rerio. Gas chromatograph mass selective detection (GC-MSD) chemical screening was used to reveal candidate developmental toxicants in fractions showing effects. In a parallel study, liquid chromatography-hybrid linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometry was also applied to one polar subfraction (Hoogenboom et al. J. Chromatogr. A 2009, 1216, 510-519). EDA resulted in the identification of a number of previously unknown developmental toxicants, which were confirmed to be present in soil by GC-MS. These included 11H-benzo[b]fluorene, 9-methylacridine, 4-azapyrene, and 2-phenylquinoline, as well as one known developmental toxicant (retene). This work revealed the presence of novel contaminants in the environment that may affect vertebrate development, which are not subject to monitoring or regulation under current soil quality assessment guidelines.