Re-engineering the GIS&T Body of Knowledge
Re-engineering the GIS&T Body of Knowledge
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DOI：
10.1080/13658816.2013.802324
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Skupin, Andre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahearn, Sean C.;Icke, Ilknur;Skupin, Andre
提出了一个地理信息科学与技术知识体系（GIS&T BoK）的计算框架。其核心是一个本体，旨在简化和扩展原始的BoK层次结构，以更好地捕捉概念之间存在的关系。我们的方法建立在几个关键思想之上。首先是知识语料库的概念，这是领域参与者所持有的知识的内部认知形式和领域活动所产生和消费的外部工件的内容的集合。第二个是参考系统的概念，在这个参考系统中，这些工件被定位，工件之间的关系可以被表达。第三个是这样的想法，通过使用语义网络标准的正式本体构建的GIS&T的概念，并设想它作为一个参考系统的GIS&T的文物，活动和演员，一个根本不同的方法来重新设计，内容生成和维护的GIS&T BoK启用。这种新方法取代了用于生成原始GIS&T BoK的自上而下的战略，采用了自下而上的战略，结合了分析和参与组件。在分析方面，计算和视觉技术被用来提供替代手段，用于访问BoK内容，检查当前BoK结构的语义一致性，将现有的层次结构转换为语义网络，识别当前BoK中的重叠和差距，并执行投影知识工件到BoK上，以告知其维护和更新。自下而上重构和维护BoK的扩展方法将支持使用类似wiki的社区编辑服务进行概念的创作、编辑和验证。我们所描述的系统部署为一个Web服务，可以访问的一系列应用程序的可视化，分析，探索和上下文的概念及其相关类在新的GIS&T知识体系。我们的目标是让新的GIS&T BoK2发展成为GIS&T领域网络基础设施生态系统的核心。
A computational framework is presented for re-engineering the Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge (GIS&T BoK). At its core is an ontology that is meant to simplify and extend the original BoK hierarchical structure to better capture relationships existing among concepts. Our approach builds on several key ideas. First is the notion of a knowledge corpus, an aggregate of both the internal cognitive forms of knowledge held by domain actors and the content of external artifacts that are produced and consumed by domain activities. Second is the notion of a reference system within which such artifacts are located and relationships among artifacts can be expressed. Third is the idea that by structuring the GIS&T concepts through the use of semantic web standards for formal ontologies and envisaging it as a reference system for GIS&T artifacts, activities, and actors, a fundamentally different approach to the redesign, content generation, and maintenance of the GIS&T BoK is enabled. This new approach affords replacing the top-down strategies used to generate the original GIS&T BoK, with a bottom-up strategy that combines analytical and participatory components. On the analytical side, computational and visual techniques are used to provide alternative means for accessing BoK content, examining the semantic consistency of current BoK structures, transforming the existing hierarchy into a semantic network, identifying overlaps and gaps in the current BoK, and performing projection of knowledge artifacts onto the BoK to inform its maintenance and update. Participatory approaches to bottom-up restructuring and maintenance of the BoK will support authoring, editing, and validation of concepts using a wiki-like community editing service. The system we describe is deployed as a web service that can be accessed by a range of applications for visualization, analysis, exploration, and contextualization of concepts and their related classes in the new GIS&T Body of Knowledge. The goal is for the new GIS&T BoK2 to evolve into the centerpiece of a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem for the GIS&T domain.