Tocols and carotenoids of einkorn, emmer and spring wheat varieties: Selection for breeding and production
Tocols and carotenoids of einkorn, emmer and spring wheat varieties: Selection for breeding and production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcs.2012.05.011
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kotikova, Zora
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lachman, Jaromir;Hejtmankova, Katerina;Kotikova, Zora
一粒小麦（Triticum monococcum L.，亚种monococcum）、二粒小麦（Triticum dicoccum Schuebl [Schrank]，subsp. dicoccum）和春面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）可能富含亲脂性抗氧化剂（番茄红素和类胡萝卜素），因此是具有良好营养特性的潜在食物来源。本研究旨在测定小麦品种和地方品种中有益于人体健康的主要亲脂性抗氧化剂的含量，为育种和生产提供依据。在两年多的田间试验中，分析了15个一粒小麦、二粒小麦和春小麦品种籽粒中类胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素的含量。一个高的类胡萝卜素含量（叶黄素，玉米黄质，β-胡萝卜素）是典型的选择一粒小麦基因型。在所分析的小麦品种中，含量最高的是β-生育三烯酚，尤其是在一粒小麦品种中。α-生育三烯酚在一粒小麦和二粒小麦中含量丰富。高含量的α-和β-生育酚是春小麦和二粒小麦的特征。首次在一粒玉米和一些二粒小麦中检测到δ-生育三烯酚，尽管浓度较低。基因型对类胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素含量有显著影响，一粒小麦与二粒小麦和春小麦不同。栽培年限对类胡萝卜素和番茄红素含量影响较小。具有高含量的类胡萝卜素和生育三烯酚的一粒小麦以及具有较高含量的生育酚的春小麦和二粒小麦的选择加入是抗氧化剂的良好来源，其对于营养增强食品的生产具有潜在的健康促进益处。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L., subsp. monococcum), emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schuebl [Schrank], subsp. dicoccum) and spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) may be rich in lipophilic antioxidants (tocols and carotenoids), and therefore potential food sources with good nutritional properties. The aim of the present study was to determine the contents of major lipophilic antioxidants beneficial for human health in wheat varieties and landraces for breeding and production. In field experiments over two years, fifteen einkorn, emmer and spring wheat varieties were analysed for the contents of tocols and carotenoids in grain. A high carotenoid content (lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene) was typical for the selected einkorn genotypes. Among the analysed wheat species, the highest content was of beta-tocotrienol, especially in the einkorn accessions. alpha-Tocotrienol was abundant in einkorn and emmer wheat species. Higher contents of alpha- and beta-tocopherols were characteristic of spring and emmer wheats. delta-Tocotrienol has been detected for the first time in einkorn and some emmer accessions, although in low concentrations. Significant effects of genotype on the contents of carotenoids and tocols were found with einkorn differing from emmer and spring wheats. The year of cultivation had less effect on the contents of carotenoids and tocols. Selected accessions of einkorn with high contents of carotenoids and tocotrienols as well as spring and emmer wheats with higher contents of tocopherols are good sources of antioxidants with potential health promoting benefits for the production of nutritionally enhanced foods. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.