The health effects of nonindustrial indoor air pollution
The health effects of nonindustrial indoor air pollution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2007.10.045
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Tarlo, Susan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein, Jonathan A.;Alexis, Neil;Tarlo, Susan M.
背景：越来越多的公众意识到与家庭和工作场所室内空气质量差相关的风险。由于美国人每天在室内度过大约22小时，随着时间的推移，易感个体因长期低水平暴露于室内空气污染物而受到不良健康影响的风险要大得多。沿着颗粒物、臭氧、二氧化氮、一氧化碳和二氧化硫等气体、微生物和化学挥发性有机化合物、被动烟雾和室外环境空气是室内最常见的空气污染物类型。目的：为过敏症专科医生提供必要的信息，帮助他们向寻求有关传统室内环境触发因素建议的患者提供有用的建议。方法：有关气体和特殊物质的室内暴露和健康影响的文献综述。结果如下：室内污染物作为呼吸道刺激物，毒物，佐剂或载体allergens.Conclusion：过敏症专科医生应准备评估患者暴露于过敏和非过敏的触发器，并了解室外空气污染是如何影响室内环境。这需要熟悉监测和解释室内空气质量的方法，并在患者暴露史的背景下解释结果，并为患者提供合理的环境控制干预措施。
Background: There is growing public awareness regarding the risk associated with poor indoor air quality in the home and workplace. Because Americans spend approximately 22 hours every day indoors, susceptible individuals are at much greater risk of adverse health effects from chronic low levels of exposure to indoor air pollutants over time. Along with particulate matter, gases such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide; microbial and chemical volatile organic compounds; passive smoke; and outdoor ambient air are the most common types of air pollutants encountered indoors.Objective: To provide the allergists with necessary information that will assist them in making useful recommendations to patients seeking advice regarding indoor environmental triggers beyond traditional perennial allergens.Methods: Review of the literature pertaining to indoor exposure and health effects of gaseous and particular matter. Results: Indoor pollutants act as respiratory irritants, toxicants, and adjuvants or carriers of allergens.Conclusion: The allergist should be prepared to evaluate patient exposure to allergic and nonallergic triggers and understand how outdoor air pollution is affecting indoor environments. This requires being familiar with methodologies for monitoring and interpreting indoor air quality and interpreting results in the context of the patients exposure history and advising patients about rational environmental control interventions.