CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS MORPHOGENESIS - THE ROLE OF THE CYTOSKELETON IN ELONGATION OF THE EMBRYO
CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS MORPHOGENESIS - THE ROLE OF THE CYTOSKELETON IN ELONGATION OF THE EMBRYO
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DOI：
10.1016/0012-1606(86)90358-1
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发表时间：
1986-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
HIRSH, DI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PRIESS, JR;HIRSH, DI
在发育过程中，秀丽线虫从相对球形的胚胎转变为细长的蠕虫。本文提供的证据表明，身体的伸长是由胚胎细胞的最外层，即皮下组织，对胚胎进行圆周挤压而引起的。皮下细胞包围着胚胎，并通过细胞连接连接在一起。随着胚胎的伸长，在皮下细胞的外表面出现了许多周向取向的微丝束。伸长与胚胎内部细胞的明显压力有关，细胞松弛素D可逆地抑制伸长和压力的增加。在伸长过程中，周向取向的微管也与皮下细胞的外膜相联系。用微管抑制剂Colcemid、griseofulvin和nocodazo进行的实验表明，微管的功能是跨微丝收缩产生的膜压力分布，从而使胚胎在伸长过程中圆周均匀减少。虽然在伸长过程中，皮下细胞的细胞骨架组织似乎决定了胚胎的形状，但细胞外角质层似乎在伸长后保持了身体的形状。
During development Caenorhabditis elegans changes from an embryo that is relatively spherical in shape to a long thin worm. This paper provides evidence that the elongation of the body is caused by the outermost layer of embryonic cells, the hypodermis, squeezing the embryo circumferentially. The hypodermal cells surround the embryo and are linked together by cellular junctions. Numerous circumferentially oriented bundles of microfilaments are present at the outer surfaces of the hypodermal cells as the embryo elongates. Elongation is associated with an apparent pressure on the internal cells of the embryo, and cytochalasin D reversibly inhibits both elongation and the increase in pressure. Circumferentially oriented microtubules also are associated with the outer membranes of the hypodermal cells during elongation. Experiments with the microtubule inhibitors colcemid, griseofulvin, and nocodazole suggest that the microtubules function to distribute across the membrane stresses resulting from microfilament contraction, such that the embryo decreases in circumference uniformly during elongation. While the cytoskeletal organization of the hypodermal cells appears to determine the shape of the embryo during elongation, an extracellular cuticle appears to maintain the body shape after elongation.