Transition from first illicit drug use to first injection drug use among rural Appalachian drug users: a cross-sectional comparison and retrospective survival analysis
Transition from first illicit drug use to first injection drug use among rural Appalachian drug users: a cross-sectional comparison and retrospective survival analysis
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03635.x
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Havens, Jennifer R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young, April M.;Havens, Jennifer R.
目的 该研究的目的是描述注射吸毒开始的特征，检查特定物质使用与注射吸毒的独立关联，并确定与阿巴拉契亚农村吸毒者样本中从首次非法吸毒到首次注射的转变率相关的因素。设计访谈问卷是对通过受访者驱动抽样招募的吸毒者样本进行的。设置阿巴拉契亚肯塔基州。参与者注射吸毒者 (IDU) (n = 394) 和非 IDU (n = 109)。测量 收集有关物质使用和从开始非法物质使用时的年龄到“事件”（非注射吸毒者开始注射或基线访谈日期）的年数的数据。 Logistic回归和Cox回归分别用于确定与终生注射药物使用和注射过渡时间相关的因素。研究结果 奥施康定 (R) 参与注射的次数几乎与兴奋剂、其他处方阿片类药物和海洛因的总和一样多 (48%)；对于开始使用奥施康定 (R) 的参与者，从他们开始使用奥施康定 (R) 到首次注射奥施康定 (R) 的中位时间为 3 年。根据人口统计数据进行调整后，五种处方药（苯二氮卓类、非法美沙酮、羟考酮、奥施康定 (R) 和其他阿片类药物）与从首次非法药物使用过渡到首次注射药物使用的风险增加相关（均 P < 0.01）。结论 在美国阿巴拉契亚地区，处方阿片类药物奥施康定 r 广泛用于非医疗用途，与使用其他非法药物相比，快速转向注射的风险似乎特别高
Aim The study's objectives were to characterize initiation of injection drug use, examine the independent association of specific substance use with injection drug use and determine factors associated with rates of transition from first illicit drug use to first injection among a sample of rural Appalachian drug users. Design Interview administered questionnaires were administered to a sample of drug users recruited via respondent-driven sampling. Setting Appalachian Kentucky. Participants Injection drug users (IDUs) (n = 394) and non-IDUs (n = 109). Measurements Data were collected on substance use and years from age at initiation of illicit substance use to 'event' (initiation of injection or date of baseline interview for non-IDUs). Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to identify factors associated with life-time injection drug use and transition time to injection, respectively. Findings OxyContin (R) was involved in nearly as many initiations to injection (48%), as were stimulants, other prescription opioids and heroin combined; for participants who initiated with OxyContin (R), the median time from which they began OxyContin (R) use to their first injection of OxyContin (R) was 3 years. Adjusting for demographics, five prescription drugs (benzodiazepines, illicit methadone, oxycodone, OxyContin (R) and other opiates) were associated with an increased hazard for transitioning from first illicit drug use to first injection drug use (each at P < 0.01). Conclusions InAppalachia, in the United States, the prescription opioid OxyContin r is widely used non-medically and appears to show a particularly high risk of rapid transition to injection compared with the use of other illicit