Social networks predict gut microbiome composition in wild baboons.
Social networks predict gut microbiome composition in wild baboons.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.05224
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发表时间：
2015-03-16
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Archie EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tung J;Barreiro LB;Burns MB;Grenier JC;Lynch J;Grieneisen LE;Altmann J;Alberts SC;Blekhman R;Archie EA
社会关系对人类和其他灵长类动物的健康有着深远的影响，但解释这种关系的机制尚不清楚。利用野生狒狒的鸟枪宏基因组数据，我们发现社会群体成员和社会网络关系预测了肠道微生物组的分类结构和肠道微生物物种编码的基因结构。即使在控制了饮食、亲属关系和共享环境之后，相互作用的速率直接解释了肠道微生物组的变化。因此，它们强烈暗示在肠道微生物物种的传播中，社会伙伴之间的直接身体接触。我们确定了51个社会结构分类群，这些分类群显著富集于厌氧和非孢子形成的生活方式。我们的研究结果表明，社会互动是自然动物种群肠道微生物组组成的重要决定因素，这种关系对于理解社会关系如何影响健康以及群体生活的进化具有重要的影响。DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05224.001消化系统是一个复杂的微生物群落——被称为肠道微生物群——的家园，它们通过消化食物、产生必需维生素和防止有害细菌的生长，为我们的健康和福祉做出贡献。最近快速基因组测序技术的发展使得鉴定肠道微生物组中发现的微生物种类以及这种微生物组的组成如何在个体之间变化变得更加容易。对人类和其他灵长类动物的研究表明，在社会交往中直接接触可能会改变个体肠道微生物群的组成。这可以解释为什么人类和其他群居动物的社会互动与健康之间存在强烈的联系。然而，一个社会群体中个体肠道微生物组的相似性也可能是由于共同的饮食或共同的环境。在野生灵长类动物的长期研究中收集的信息为分析和评估饮食、环境和社会互动对肠道微生物群的影响提供了机会。在这里，Tung等人研究了肯尼亚安博塞利两个不同社会群体的48只野生狒狒的肠道微生物组。他们使用一种叫做猎枪宏基因组测序的技术，对从单个狒狒收集的粪便样本中提取的DNA进行了测序。序列数据显示，个体的社会群体和社会网络可以预测其肠道微生物群中的物种。即使考虑到其他因素，如饮食、亲属关系和共同环境，情况仍然如此。Tung等人的研究结果表明，在社会交往中，直接的身体接触可能对同一社会群体成员之间肠道微生物群的传播很重要。然而，科学家们仍然不知道这种交换对狒狒的健康是好是坏。未来的工作将试图了解狒狒是否从其群体成员那里获得肠道微生物，以及某些社会群体的肠道微生物是否比其他群体更好。DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05224.002
Social relationships have profound effects on health in humans and other primates, but the mechanisms that explain this relationship are not well understood. Using shotgun metagenomic data from wild baboons, we found that social group membership and social network relationships predicted both the taxonomic structure of the gut microbiome and the structure of genes encoded by gut microbial species. Rates of interaction directly explained variation in the gut microbiome, even after controlling for diet, kinship, and shared environments. They therefore strongly implicate direct physical contact among social partners in the transmission of gut microbial species. We identified 51 socially structured taxa, which were significantly enriched for anaerobic and non-spore-forming lifestyles. Our results argue that social interactions are an important determinant of gut microbiome composition in natural animal populations—a relationship with important ramifications for understanding how social relationships influence health, as well as the evolution of group living. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05224.001 The digestive system is home to a complex community of microbes—known as the gut microbiome—that contributes to our health and wellbeing by digesting food, producing essential vitamins, and preventing the growth of harmful bacteria. The recent development of rapid genome sequencing techniques has made it much easier to identify the species of microbes found in the gut microbiome, and how this microbiome's composition varies between individuals. Studies in humans and other primates suggest that direct contact during social interactions may alter the composition of the gut microbiome in an individual. This could explain why there is a strong association between social interactions and health in humans and other social animals. However, similarities in the gut microbiomes of individuals within a social group could also be due to a shared diet or a common environment. The information collected during long-term studies of wild primates offers an opportunity to analyze and assess the influence of diet, environment and social interaction on the gut microbiome. Here, Tung et al. studied the gut microbiomes of 48 wild baboons belonging to two different social groups in Amboseli, Kenya. Using a technique called shotgun metagenomic sequencing, they sequenced DNA extracted from samples of feces collected from individual baboons. The sequence data revealed that an individual's social group and social network can predict the species found in its gut microbiome. This remained the case even when other factors—such as diet, kinship, and shared environments—were taken into account. Tung et al.'s findings suggest that direct physical contact during social interactions may be important in transmitting gut microbiomes between members of the same social group. However, scientists still don't know whether this exchange is good or bad for the health of the baboons. Future work will try to understand whether baboons benefit from acquiring gut microbes from their group members, and if the gut microbes of some social groups are better than others. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05224.002