Dual roles for autophagy during follicular atresia in fish ovary
Dual roles for autophagy during follicular atresia in fish ovary
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DOI：
10.4161/auto.5.1.7302
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发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
R. Thomé;H. Santos;F. P. Arantes;Fabricio F. T. Domingos;N. Bazzoli;E. Rizzo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Thomé;H. Santos;F. P. Arantes;Fabricio F. T. Domingos;N. Bazzoli;E. Rizzo
自噬是一种高度保守的分解代谢程序，用于降解蛋白质和细胞器，对细胞和组织的动态平衡至关重要。首先，这一过程在营养缺乏的情况下具有细胞保护作用，但几种应激刺激可以诱导自噬，因此，当应激不被消除时，可以激活不同的程序性细胞死亡(PCD)途径。鱼类卵巢中存在排卵后卵泡和闭锁(即未排卵)卵泡，产卵后卵泡遵循不同的途径，是研究PCD发病机制的理想实验模型。卵泡细胞的凋亡是导致排卵后卵泡迅速吸收的主要机制。最近，我们研究了PCD在两种淡水鱼卵泡闭锁中的作用。与哺乳动物相比，这项研究揭示了闭锁卵泡中卵泡细胞的缺失不是卵泡细胞凋亡的主要过程。此外，我们在两种动物中都检测到含有退化细胞器的自噬空泡通过滤泡闭锁而增加。在本附录中，我们提出了卵生鱼类卵巢退化过程中去除卵泡细胞的假说。在这个模型中，自噬在卵泡闭锁中可能有双重作用。因此，繁殖后的鱼类卵巢是研究不同细胞死亡途径之间相互作用的合适模型。
Autophagy, a highly conserved catabolic program for degrading proteins and organelles, is essential for cell and tissue homeostasis. Primarily, this process has a cytoprotective role under nutrient deprivation, but several stress stimuli can induce autophagy and, thus, distinct programmed cell death (PCD) pathways can be actived when stress is not abolished. Fish ovaries are a suitable experimental model system for studying the mechanisms of PCD due to the presence of postovulatory and atretic (i.e., non-ovulated) follicles, which follow different routes after spawning. Apoptosis of the follicular cells is the major mechanism responsible for the rapid resorption of the postovulatory follicles. Recently, we investigated the contribution of PCD during follicular atresia in two species of freshwater fish. In contrast to mammals, this study revealed that follicular apoptosis is not a major process for deletion of follicular cells in atretic follicles. Furthermore, we detected autophagic vacuoles containing degenerating organelles increasing through follicular atresia in both species. In this addendum, we propose a hypothesis for follicular cell removal during ovarian regression in oviparous fish. In this model, autophagy could have dual roles in follicular atresia. Thus, fish ovaries after breeding are suitable models for studying the interactions among the different cell death pathways.