Non-invasive perturbations of intracellular flow reveal physical principles of cell organization
Non-invasive perturbations of intracellular flow reveal physical principles of cell organization
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DOI：
10.1038/s41556-017-0032-9
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
21.3
通讯作者：
Kreysing, Moritz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mittasch, Matthaus;Gross, Peter;Kreysing, Moritz
细胞生物学的最新进展使精确的分子扰动成为可能。然而，细胞和生物体的时空组织也取决于物理过程，如扩散或细胞质流动，并且还没有干扰细胞内物理运输的策略。在这里，我们展示了聚焦光诱导的细胞质流（FLUCS）。FLUCS是局部的、定向的、动态的、无探针的、生理的，并且甚至适用于穿过刚性蛋壳或细胞壁。我们通过热粘性流动的时间相关模型来解释FLUCS。使用FLUCS，我们表明，胞质流驱动分区缺陷蛋白（PAR）极化秀丽隐杆线虫合子，皮质流足以运输PAR域和反转PAR极性。此外，我们发现，不对称的细胞分裂是一个二元决策的基础上逐渐变化的PAR偏振状态。此外，使用FLUCS的活性微流变学揭示了代谢诱导的酵母细胞质的流体到固体的转变。我们的研究结果建立了一个广泛的运输依赖模型的细胞组织变得可测试的FLUCS。
Recent advances in cell biology enable precise molecular perturbations. The spatiotemporal organization of cells and organisms, however, also depends on physical processes such as diffusion or cytoplasmic flows, and strategies to perturb physical transport inside cells are not yet available. Here, we demonstrate focused-light-induced cytoplasmic streaming (FLUCS). FLUCS is local, directional, dynamic, probe-free, physiological, and is even applicable through rigid egg shells or cell walls. We explain FLUCS via time-dependent modelling of thermoviscous flows. Using FLUCS, we demonstrate that cytoplasmic flows drive partitioning-defective protein (PAR) polarization in Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes, and that cortical flows are sufficient to transport PAR domains and invert PAR polarity. In addition, we find that asymmetric cell division is a binary decision based on gradually varying PAR polarization states. Furthermore, the use of FLUCS for active microrheology revealed a metabolically induced fluid-to-solid transition of the yeast cytoplasm. Our findings establish how a wide range of transport-dependent models of cellular organization become testable by FLUCS.