Transgenerational Diapause as an Avoidance Strategy against Bacterial Pathogens in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Transgenerational Diapause as an Avoidance Strategy against Bacterial Pathogens in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.01234-17
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发表时间：
2017-10-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Calixto A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palominos MF;Verdugo L;Gabaldon C;Pollak B;Ortíz-Severín J;Varas MA;Chávez FP;Calixto A
暴露于环境病原体的生物体的动态反应决定了它们的生存或死亡，这种相互作用的结果取决于宿主的易感性和病原体依赖的毒力因子。将获得的有关病原体性质的信息传递给后代可以确保后代在不利环境中生存的有效防御策略。环境RNA干扰（RNAi）是一种系统性和可遗传的机制，最近被认为与植物和动物的抗细菌和抗真菌防御有关。在这里，我们报告说，第二代秀丽隐杆线虫生活在病原菌可以避免细菌感染进入滞育的RNAi途径依赖的机制。此外，我们证明，这种生存策略的信息编码transgeneratively通过母系生殖系传递给后代。细菌极大地影响生理和行为，然而，它们引起宿主行为变化的具体机制尚不清楚。我们用秀丽隐杆线虫作为宿主，用它们吃的细菌来了解微生物是如何引发有助于动物生存的行为变化的。我们发现，面对两代感染的动物可以进入冬眠状态，通过形成dauer幼虫来阻止发育。Dauers嘴巴紧闭，有效地避免了感染。动物积累信息，并通过代代相传的方式传递给下一代，形成dauers。这项工作深入了解了细菌如何以非规范的方式与宿主交流，从而产生持久的影响，为社区提供生存策略。
The dynamic response of organisms exposed to environmental pathogens determines their survival or demise, and the outcome of this interaction depends on the host’s susceptibility and pathogen-dependent virulence factors. The transmission of acquired information about the nature of a pathogen to progeny may ensure effective defensive strategies for the progeny’s survival in adverse environments. Environmental RNA interference (RNAi) is a systemic and heritable mechanism and has recently been linked to antibacterial and antifungal defenses in both plants and animals. Here, we report that the second generation of Caenorhabditis elegans living on pathogenic bacteria can avoid bacterial infection by entering diapause in an RNAi pathway-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the information encoding this survival strategy is transgenerationally transmitted to the progeny via the maternal germ line. Bacteria vastly influence physiology and behavior, and yet, the specific mechanisms by which they cause behavioral changes in hosts are not known. We use C. elegans as a host and the bacteria they eat to understand how microbes trigger a behavioral change that helps animals to survive. We found that animals faced with an infection for two generations could enter a hibernationlike state, arresting development by forming dauer larvae. Dauers have closed mouths and effectively avoid infection. Animals accumulate information that is transgenerationally transmitted to the next generations to form dauers. This work gives insight on how bacteria communicate in noncanonical ways with their hosts, resulting in long-lasting effects providing survival strategies to the community.