Association between Gut Microbiome Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response among Nicaraguan Infants
Association between Gut Microbiome Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response among Nicaraguan Infants
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.19-0355
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Becker-Dreps, Sylvia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fix, Jonathan;Chandrashekhar, Kshipra;Becker-Dreps, Sylvia
轮状病毒是导致儿童腹泻死亡的主要原因。尽管现有的口服轮状病毒疫苗在高收入国家非常有效，但这些疫苗已被证明在低收入和中等收入国家的功效下降。效力降低的一个可能解释是肠道微生物群对肠道免疫系统对疫苗接种的反应的影响。我们分析了参加一项前瞻性研究的50名儿童的肠道微生物组，该研究评估了口服五价轮状病毒疫苗（RV 5）的反应，以评估细菌分类群的相对丰度与疫苗接种后血清转化之间的相关性。在第一次RV 5剂量之前采集粪便样品，并使用16 S rRNA annplicon测序和Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology软件表征微生物组组成。使用Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验比较第一剂RV 5后血清转换者、轮状病毒特异性伊加滴度增加>= 4倍的血清转换者和非血清转换者之间细菌分类群的相对丰度。我们发现，对疫苗接种有反应和没有反应的婴儿之间的微生物组组成没有显著差异。对疫苗接种有反应的婴儿往往具有更高丰度的变形菌门和埃格菌门，而那些没有反应的婴儿则具有更高丰度的梭杆菌门和肠杆菌科;然而，在多重比较校正后，这些差异在统计学上并不显着。这项研究表明肠道微生物类群对婴儿口服轮状病毒疫苗接种反应的影响有限;然而，需要进行更多的研究来提高我们对肠道微生物组对疫苗反应影响的理解，以提高疫苗有效性和轮状病毒预防的目标。
Rotavirus is the leading cause of childhood deaths due to diarrhea. Although existing oral rotavirus vaccines are highly efficacious in high-income countries, these vaccines have been demonstrated to have decreased efficacy in low- and middle-income countries. A possible explanation for decreased efficacy is the impact of gut microbiota on the enteric immune system's response to vaccination. We analyzed the gut microbiome of 50 children enrolled in a prospective study evaluating response to oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccination (RV5) to assess associations between relative abundance of bacterial taxa and seroconversion following vaccination. Stool samples were taken before the first RV5 dose, and microbiome composition characterized using 16S rRNA annplicon sequencing and Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology software. Relative abundance of bacterial taxa between seroconverters following the first RV5 dose, those with >= 4-fold increase in rotavirus-specific IgA titers, and nonseroconverters were compared using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. We identified no significant differences in microbiome composition between infants who did and did not respond to vaccination. Infants who responded to vaccination tended to have higher abundance of Proteobacteria and Eggerthella, whereas those who did not respond had higher abundance of Fusobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae; however, these differences were not statistically significant following a multiple comparison correction. This study suggests a limited impact of gut microbial taxa on response to oral rotavirus vaccination among infants; however, additional research is needed to improve our understanding of the impact of gut microbiome on vaccine response, toward a goal of improving vaccine efficacy and rotavirus prevention.