Melanin biosynthesis in the desert-derived Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 is controlled mainly by the CWI signal pathway via a transcriptional activator Cmr1
Melanin biosynthesis in the desert-derived Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 is controlled mainly by the CWI signal pathway via a transcriptional activator Cmr1
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沙漠来源的 Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 中的黑色素生物合成主要由 CWI 信号通路通过转录激活因子 Cmr1 控制
DOI：
10.1007/s00294-019-01010-9
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chi, Zhen-Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Hong;Chi, Zhe;Chi, Zhen-Ming
塔克拉玛干沙漠产黑素短梗霉XJ 5 -1菌株产生的黑色素对该酵母菌适应各种胁迫处理具有重要作用。了解沙漠酵母菌如何感知、响应和适应恶劣的环境是非常重要的。然而，目前还不清楚黑色素是如何通过信号通路和转录因子进行遗传控制的。本研究发现，细胞壁完整性（CWI）信号通路中的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）Slt 2可以调控转录激活因子Swi 4的活性，而Swi 4又可以调控CMR 1基因的表达。CMR 1基因编码的黑色素特异性转录激活因子Cmr 1与PKS 1基因的序列为TTCTCTCCA的启动子特异性结合，强烈刺激PKS 1基因和负责黑色素生物合成的任何其他基因的表达，从而使A.黑色素瘤XJ 5 -1。因此，黑色素的合成在沙漠来源的A。黑素细胞XJ 5 -1的黑素合成主要受CWI信号通路的调控，CWI信号通路通过转录激活因子Cmr调控黑素细胞的黑素合成。产黑色素菌XJ 5 -1的黑色素合成与其它真菌的黑色素合成完全不同。这是首次证实沙漠黑色素在沙漠黑色素合成中起重要作用。黑素细胞XJ 5 -1主要由CWI信号通路通过转录激活因子Cmr 1控制。这将为进一步研究沙漠酵母对恶劣环境的感知、响应和适应提供基础。
The melanin produced by Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 obtained from the Taklimakan Desert can play an important role in adaptation of the yeast strain to various stress treatments. It is very important to know how the desert-derived yeast sense, respond and adapt to the harsh environments. However, it is still unclear how melanin is genetically controlled by signaling pathways and transcriptional factors. In this study, it was found that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Slt2 in the cell wall integrity (CWI) signal pathway could regulate activity of the transcriptional activator Swi4; in turn, the Swi4 could control the expression of the CMR1 gene. The melanin-specific transcriptional activator Cmr1 encoded by the CMR1 gene was specifically bound to the promoter with the sequence TTCTCTCCA of the PKS1 gene and strongly stimulated expression of the PKS1 gene and any other genes responsible for melanin biosynthesis, so that a large amount of melanin could be produced by A. melanogenum XJ5-1. Therefore, melanin biosynthesis in the desert-derived A. melanogenum XJ5-1 was controlled mainly by the CWI signal pathway among the cell wall-related signal pathways via a transcriptional activator Cmr and regulation of the melanin biosynthesis in A. melanogenum XJ5-1 was completely different from that of the melanin biosynthesis in any other fungi. This is the first time to show that melanin biosynthesis in the desert-derived A. melanogenum XJ5-1 is controlled mainly by the CWI signal pathway via a transcriptional activator Cmr1. This would provide the fundamentals for further research on the desert-derived yeast to sense, respond and adapt to the harsh environments.