Recent Advances in the Genetics of Vocal Learning.
Recent Advances in the Genetics of Vocal Learning.
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DOI：
10.3819/ccbr.2014.90003
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
White SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Condro MC;White SA
语言是人类特有的复杂的交际行为，其遗传基础却知之甚少。与人类言语和语言障碍相关的基因提供了一些见解，这些基因起源于 FOXP2 转录因子，这种突变是遗传性发育性言语运用障碍的根源。随后，FOXP2 调节靶标以及其他基因与言语和语言障碍相关。在这里，我们回顾了这些最近的发现，这些发现暗示了人类言语中的遗传因素。由于语言对人类来说具有排他性，没有任何一种动物模型足以研究这些基因的完整行为影响。幸运的是，一些动物拥有语言的子成分。其中一个组成部分是发声学习，虽然在动物王国中很少见，但鸣禽也有这种能力。因此，我们讨论鸣禽研究如何有助于目前对影响人类言语的遗传因素的理解，并支持未来继续使用这种动物模型进行此类研究。
Language is a complex communicative behavior unique to humans, and its genetic basis is poorly understood. Genes associated with human speech and language disorders provide some insights, originating with the FOXP2 transcription factor, a mutation in which is the source of an inherited form of developmental verbal dyspraxia. Subsequently, targets of FOXP2 regulation have been associated with speech and language disorders, along with other genes. Here, we review these recent findings that implicate genetic factors in human speech. Due to the exclusivity of language to humans, no single animal model is sufficient to study the complete behavioral effects of these genes. Fortunately, some animals possess subcomponents of language. One such subcomponent is vocal learning, which though rare in the animal kingdom, is shared with songbirds. We therefore discuss how songbird studies have contributed to the current understanding of genetic factors that impact human speech, and support the continued use of this animal model for such studies in the future.