A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the Motivations, Goals, and Aspirations of Male and Female Academic Medical Faculty.
A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the Motivations, Goals, and Aspirations of Male and Female Academic Medical Faculty.
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DOI：
10.1097/acm.0000000000001244
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jagsi R
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文献类型：
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作者：
Jones RD;Griffith KA;Ubel PA;Stewart A;Jagsi R
了解医师-科学家工作队伍的目标和愿望可以为促进保留的政策提供信息。鉴于女性的代表性不断增加，作者探讨了其中的性别差异。在2010-11年，作者定性分析了对100名前美国国立卫生研究院职业发展奖获得者和28名他们的导师的采访。他们还比较了2006 - 2009年间获得这些奖项的1267名临床研究人员的调查结果，在调整了其他特征后，使用逻辑回归来评估性别差异。受访者描述了一套相对一致的职业目标，包括科学贡献和通过研究、临床护理和教学对生活产生积极影响的愿望。对于许多人来说，他们寻求实现和衡量目标实现的具体方式随着时间的推移而发展。调查对象支持以最高频率发表高质量研究的目标（97.3%，无显著性别差异）。女性更有可能认同平衡工作和其他活动的重要性（95.5%比90.5%,P < 0.001）。患者护理（86.6%）、教学（71.6%）和大量发表（64.9%）的重要性在性别上没有显著差异。男性比女性更看重薪水（49.4%比41.8%,P < 0.001）、声誉（84.2%比77.6%,P < 0.004）和领导职位（38.9%比34.3%,P = 0.03）。在以精英研究为导向的样本中，最初愿望的性别差异通常是有限的。在这些群体中，职业结果的性别差异不太可能完全是由不同的基本愿望造成的。目标似乎随着所经历的挑战而演变。
Understanding the goals and aspirations of the physician-scientist workforce can inform policies to promote retention. The authors explored gender differences therein, given women’s increasing representation. In 2010–11, the authors qualitatively analyzed interviews with 100 former recipients of National Institutes of Health career-development awards and 28 of their mentors. They also compared survey responses of 1,267 clinician-investigators who received these awards between 2006–09, using logistic regression to evaluate gender differences after adjusting for other characteristics. Interview participants described a relatively consistent set of career goals, including scientific contribution and desire to positively impact lives through research, clinical care, and teaching. For many, the specific ways they sought to achieve and measure goal attainment evolved over time. Survey respondents endorsed a goal of publishing high-quality research with highest frequency (97.3%, no significant gender difference). Women were more likely to endorse the importance of balancing work and other activities (95.5% vs. 90.5%, P < 0.001). There were no significant gender differences in the importance of patient care (86.6%), teaching (71.6%), or publishing prolifically (64.9%). Men were more likely than women to consider salary (49.4% vs. 41.8%, P < 0.001), reputation (84.2% vs. 77.6%, P < 0.004), and leadership positions (38.9% vs. 34.3%, P = 0.03) important. In an elite research-oriented sample, gender differences in initial aspirations were generally limited. Gender differences in career outcomes in such groups are unlikely to exclusively result from different baseline aspirations. Goals appear to evolve in response to challenges experienced.