Training the elderly in pedestrian safety: Transfer effect between two virtual reality simulation devices
Training the elderly in pedestrian safety: Transfer effect between two virtual reality simulation devices
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2016.11.017
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Vienne, Fabrice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maillot, Pauline;Dommes, Aurelie;Vienne, Fabrice
目标：开发了虚拟现实培训计划，以帮助老年行人在双向交通情况下做出更安全的过马路决定。目的是开发一种小型、经济实惠且可运输的模拟设备，能够将效果转移到涉及实际行走的全尺寸设备上。方法：20 名年轻人和 40 名老年人首先参加预测试阶段，使用全尺寸和小型模拟设备评估他们的街道交叉口。然后，接受过培训的老年组（20 名参与者）使用小型设备完成了两次 1.5 小时的培训课程，而老年对照组（19 名参与者）则没有接受任何培训。此后，39 名经过培训和未培训的老年参与者再次使用这两种设备参加 1.5 小时的后测试阶段。结果：预测试阶段结果表明，仅在老年参与者组中，两种设备之间存在显着差异。与年轻的参与者不同，年长的参与者在小型模拟设备上比在全尺寸模拟设备上更愿意穿越，并且发生了更多的碰撞。测试后阶段的结果表明，在小型设备上对年长的参与者进行培训可以使两个模拟设备上接受的交叉和碰撞的百分比在全球范围内显着下降。但只有在全尺寸模拟设备上，参与者考虑接近汽车和远车道车辆速度的具体改进才显着。讨论：研究结果表明，与允许实际过马路的全尺寸模拟设备相比，小烫伤模拟设备会引发更多的不安全决策。但研究结果表明，这种小型模拟设备可能是提高老年行人过马路决策和行为安全性的好方法，这表明两种模拟设备之间的学习效果存在转移，从使用微型设备训练人员到使用全尺寸设备测量他们的具体进展。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Objectives: A virtual-reality training program has been developed to help older pedestrians make safer street-crossing decisions in two-way traffic situations. The aim was to develop a small-scale affordable and transportable simulation device that allowed transferring effects to a full-scale device involving actual walking.Methods: 20 younger adults and 40 older participants first participated in a pre-test phase to assess their street crossings using both full-scale and small-scale simulation devices. Then, a trained older group (20 participants) completed two 1.5-h training sessions with the small-scale device, whereas an older control group received no training (19 participants). Thereafter, the 39 older trained and untrained participants took part in a 1.5-h post-test phase again with both devices.Results: Pre-test phase results suggested significant differences between both devices in the group of older participants only. Unlike younger participants, older participants accepted more often to cross and had more collisions on the small-scale simulation device than on the full-Scale one. Post-test phase results showed that training older participants on the small-scale device allowed a significant global decrease in the percentage of accepted crossings and collisions on both simulation devices. But specific improvements regarding the way participants took into account the speed of approaching cars and vehicles in the far lane were notable only on the full-scale simulation device.Discussion: The findings suggest that the small-scald simulation device triggers a greater number of unsafe decisions compared to a full-scale one that allows actual crossings. But findings reveal that such a smallscale simulation device could be a good means to improve the safety of street-crossing decisions and behaviors among older pedestrians, suggesting a transfer of learning effect between the two simulation devices, from training people with a miniature device to measuring their specific progress with a full-scale one. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.