Neural Representation of Articulable and Inarticulable Novel Sound Contrasts: The Role of the Dorsal Stream.
Neural Representation of Articulable and Inarticulable Novel Sound Contrasts: The Role of the Dorsal Stream.
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DOI：
10.1162/nol_a_00016
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发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Myers, Emily B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saltzman, David, I;Myers, Emily B.
在何种程度上，发音信息嵌入在传入的语音有助于形成新的感知类别的语音已经是一个问题的话语几十年。理论上，新的语音类别的获得需要感觉和语音运动皮层区域（“背流”）的网络来成功地整合听觉和发音信息。然而，这些大脑区域可能对发音信息并不特别敏感，而是对正在学习的抽象语音类别敏感。我们测试了这一假设的培训参与者在几天的过程中，一个清晰的非母语语音对比和声学匹配的不清晰的非语音类似物。在对两组刺激达到相当的熟练程度后，当参与者被动地听两种声音类型时，在fMRI中测量激活。解码的类别成员的发音语音对比单独揭示了一系列的左，右半球的背流，以前被牵连在非母语语音的声音类别的出现以外的区域，而没有区域可以成功地解码的发音不清的非语音对比。虽然左额下回、颞中回和辅助运动区的激活模式为解码可发音（语音）的声音提供了比不可发音更好的信息，（正弦波）声音，背流区域并不能单独成为可表达对比度的良好解码器，这一发现表明其他因素，包括出现的语音类别的强度和结构更可能是用于新声音学习的背流激活的驱动器。
The extent that articulatory information embedded in incoming speech contributes to the formation of new perceptual categories for speech sounds has been a matter of discourse for decades. It has been theorized that the acquisition of new speech sound categories requires a network of sensory and speech motor cortical areas (the “dorsal stream”) to successfully integrate auditory and articulatory information. However, it is possible that these brain regions are not sensitive specifically to articulatory information, but instead are sensitive to the abstract phonological categories being learned. We tested this hypothesis by training participants over the course of several days on an articulable non-native speech contrast and acoustically matched inarticulable nonspeech analogues. After reaching comparable levels of proficiency with the two sets of stimuli, activation was measured in fMRI as participants passively listened to both sound types. Decoding of category membership for the articulable speech contrast alone revealed a series of left and right hemisphere regions outside of the dorsal stream that have previously been implicated in the emergence of non-native speech sound categories, while no regions could successfully decode the inarticulable nonspeech contrast. Although activation patterns in the left inferior frontal gyrus, the middle temporal gyrus, and the supplementary motor area provided better information for decoding articulable (speech) sounds compared to the inarticulable (sine wave) sounds, the finding that dorsal stream regions do not emerge as good decoders of the articulable contrast alone suggests that other factors, including the strength and structure of the emerging speech categories are more likely drivers of dorsal stream activation for novel sound learning.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Blumstein, SE;Myers, EB;Rissman, J
通讯作者：
Rissman, J
影响因子：
3.7
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0.9
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JOHNSON, K;RALSTON, JV
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RALSTON, JV
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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