Neuronal spreading and plaque induction of intracellular Aβ and its disruption of Aβ homeostasis.

Neuronal spreading and plaque induction of intracellular Aβ and its disruption of Aβ homeostasis.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00401-021-02345-9
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
12.7
通讯作者:
Gouras GK
Gouras GK
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roos TT;Garcia MG;Martinsson I;Mabrouk R;Israelsson B;Deierborg T;Kobro-Flatmoen A;Tanila H;Gouras GK

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淀粉样β蛋白多肽(Aβ)被认为具有类似蛋白的性质,在阿尔茨海默病(AD)中促进其在整个大脑中的传播。然而,这种传播的细胞机制(S)仍不清楚。在这里,我们展示了细胞内Aβ在其蛋白样扩散中的重要作用。我们证明了Aβ的细胞内来源可以通过海马区注射在体内诱导淀粉样斑块。我们发现,海马区注射小鼠AD脑匀浆不仅诱导斑块,而且还损伤突触连接脑区的中间神经元并影响细胞内Aβ水平,与AD所见的细胞变化相似。此外,在初级神经元AD模型中,暴露于皮摩尔量的脑源性Aβ导致Aβ明显从胞体重新分布到突起和营养不良的神经突起。我们还观察到,这种神经性营养不良与AD转基因小鼠的斑块形成有关。最后,利用细胞模型,我们提出了一种机制,说明Aβ在细胞内的积累如何扰乱Aβ水平的动态平衡控制,并可能有助于AD大脑中Aβ的高达10,000倍的增加。我们的数据表明,细胞内蛋白样蛋白Aβ及其突触扩散在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中具有重要作用。网上版载有补充材料,可在10.1007/s00401-021-02345-9查阅。
The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is thought to have prion-like properties promoting its spread throughout the brain in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the cellular mechanism(s) of this spread remains unclear. Here, we show an important role of intracellular Aβ in its prion-like spread. We demonstrate that an intracellular source of Aβ can induce amyloid plaques in vivo via hippocampal injection. We show that hippocampal injection of mouse AD brain homogenate not only induces plaques, but also damages interneurons and affects intracellular Aβ levels in synaptically connected brain areas, paralleling cellular changes seen in AD. Furthermore, in a primary neuron AD model, exposure of picomolar amounts of brain-derived Aβ leads to an apparent redistribution of Aβ from soma to processes and dystrophic neurites. We also observe that such neuritic dystrophies associate with plaque formation in AD-transgenic mice. Finally, using cellular models, we propose a mechanism for how intracellular accumulation of Aβ disturbs homeostatic control of Aβ levels and can contribute to the up to 10,000-fold increase of Aβ in the AD brain. Our data indicate an essential role for intracellular prion-like Aβ and its synaptic spread in the pathogenesis of AD. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00401-021-02345-9.
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