The influence of packing structure and interparticle forces on ultrasound transmission in granular media
The influence of packing structure and interparticle forces on ultrasound transmission in granular media
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颗粒介质中堆积结构和颗粒间作用力对超声波传输的影响
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2004356117
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
R. Hurley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Zhai;E. Herbold;R. Hurley
颗粒材料的结构-性能关系由颗粒的排列和它们之间的力链决定。这些关系使波阻尼材料的设计和无损检测技术。波在颗粒材料中的传播已被广泛研究，并表现出丰富的特征：幂律速度标度，色散和衰减。然而，粒子排列和力链对这些特征的确切作用仍然是持续研究兴趣的主题。在这里，我们采用X射线测量和分析来表明速度缩放和弥散来自颗粒排列和力链，而衰减主要来自颗粒排列。对超声波在受外力作用的无序颗粒材料中的传播进行了实验和数值研究。实验采用压电换能器激发和检测各种频率的纵向超声波，通过随机包装的蓝宝石球进行单轴压缩。这些实验的特点是在现场X射线断层扫描和衍射测量的接触织物，颗粒运动学，平均每颗粒应力张量，和颗粒间的力量。实验测得的包装配置和推断在不同的样品应力粒子间的力量被用来构建弹簧网络，其特征在于海森和阻尼矩阵。这些网络的超声波响应进行了模拟，以调查的波速，声路径，色散和衰减的起源。结果表明，填充结构和颗粒间力的不均匀性在控制波的速度和色散中发挥了重要作用，而填充结构单独定量解释了大部分观测到的波衰减。这项研究提供了洞察波传播的时域和频域特征随机堆积的粒状材料，揭示了控制波的速度，色散和衰减在这样的系统中的基本机制。
Significance Structure-property relations of granular materials are governed by the arrangement of particles and the chains of forces between them. These relations enable design of wave damping materials and nondestructive testing technologies. Wave transmission in granular materials has been extensively studied and demonstrates rich features: power-law velocity scaling, dispersion, and attenuation. However, the precise roles of particle arrangements and force chains on these features remain topics of continued research interest. Here, we employ X-ray measurements and analyses to show that velocity scaling and dispersion arise from both particle arrangements and force chains, while attenuation arises mainly from particle arrangements. Ultrasound propagation through externally stressed, disordered granular materials was experimentally and numerically investigated. Experiments employed piezoelectric transducers to excite and detect longitudinal ultrasound waves of various frequencies traveling through randomly packed sapphire spheres subjected to uniaxial compression. The experiments featured in situ X-ray tomography and diffraction measurements of contact fabric, particle kinematics, average per-particle stress tensors, and interparticle forces. The experimentally measured packing configuration and inferred interparticle forces at different sample stresses were used to construct spring networks characterized by Hessian and damping matrices. The ultrasound responses of these network were simulated to investigate the origins of wave velocity, acoustic paths, dispersion, and attenuation. Results revealed that both packing structure and interparticle force heterogeneity played an important role in controlling wave velocity and dispersion, while packing structure alone quantitatively explained most of the observed wave attenuation. This research provides insight into time- and frequency-domain features of wave propagation in randomly packed granular materials, shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms controlling wave velocities, dispersion, and attenuation in such systems.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Payam Poorsolhjouy;A. Misra
通讯作者：
Payam Poorsolhjouy;A. Misra
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
J. O’Donovan;S. Hamlin;G. Marketos;Catherine O'Sullivan;E. Ibraim;ML Lings;D. M. Wood
通讯作者：
J. O’Donovan;S. Hamlin;G. Marketos;Catherine O'Sullivan;E. Ibraim;ML Lings;D. M. Wood