What Shapes Local Demand for ‘Guest Worker’ Migrants in Japan? The Case of the Seafood Processing Industry
What Shapes Local Demand for ‘Guest Worker’ Migrants in Japan? The Case of the Seafood Processing Industry
复制标题
是什么影响了日本当地对“客工”移民的需求？以海鲜加工业为例
DOI：
10.1080/18692729.2018.1563346
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yusuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mazumi;Yusuke
在过去的25年里，技术实习生培训计划实际上是日本接收低技能移民的客工计划。虽然该计划允许某些行业雇用移民，但这些行业对移民的依赖程度存在显著的地方差异。本研究以海产品加工业为研究对象，探讨当地经济、人口及产业因素对技术实习生及受训移民劳工需求的影响。研究使用了2013年渔业普查等官方来源的市级数据，发现当地海鲜加工业的特点，即相对就业规模和生产率，是影响技术实习生就业的重要预测因素。此外，与劳动力迁移文献中的主流假设相反，结果表明生产率与技术实习生的就业呈正相关。这一结果可能与本研究的重点有关，即不是行业之间的比较，而是单一行业的地区之间的比较。另一个重要原因可能是，在技术实习生培训计划的监管背景下，生产稳定的公司（比运营有限的不稳定企业生产率更高）更有可能雇用移民。
The Technical Intern Training Program has served as a de facto guest worker program for receiving low-skilled migrants during the last quarter century in Japan. While the program enables certain industries to employ migrants, significant local variation exists in the degree to which these industries depend on them. Focusing on the seafood processing industry, this study investigates local economic, demographic, and industrial factors that shape labor demand for technical intern trainee migrants. Using municipal-level data created from official sources including the 2013 Census of Fisheries, the study found that characteristics of the local seafood processing industry, namely relative employment size and productivity, are important predictors affecting the employment of technical intern trainees. In addition, contrary to the predominant assumption in the labor migration literature, the results positively associate productivity with the employment of technical intern trainees. This outcome is perhaps related to the focus of this study, namely a comparison not between industries, but between localities in a single industry. Another important reason may be that companies stable in production, which are more productive than unstable businesses with limited operations, are more likely to employ migrants in the regulatory context of the Technical Intern Training Program.