Untangling boulder dislodgement in storms and tsunamis: Is it possible with simple theories?
Untangling boulder dislodgement in storms and tsunamis: Is it possible with simple theories?
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解决风暴和海啸中巨石移位的问题：用简单的理论可能吗？
DOI：
10.1002/2014gc005682
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
P. Diplas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Weiss;P. Diplas
在风暴和海啸中，巨石会移动。在野外很难找到一种简单的方法来区分海啸移动的巨石和风暴移动的巨石。在这篇文章中，我们通过在极坐标中求解牛顿第二运动定律的改编版本，并定义了巨石移动的关键位置，探索了风暴和海啸波对巨石移动的影响。研究结果表明，岩石的位移不仅与诱发波有关，还与岩石周围的粗糙度和坡角有关。我们利用风暴和海啸波的振幅来移动给定质量的巨石，以评估风暴中的巨石移动是否可以与海啸中的巨石移动分开。数值实验的主要结果是，对于大质量和大粗糙度值，风暴波和海啸波对同一块巨石的移动有显著差异。这使我们可以得出结论，简单的理论适用于回答标题中提出的问题，但我们只在它们包含像这里所展示的那样的关键位移条件时才会争论。
Boulders can move during storms and tsunamis. It is difficult to find a simple method to distinguish boulders moved by tsunami waves from those moved during storms in the field. In this contribution, we explore boulder dislodgement by storm and tsunami waves by solving an adapted version of Newton's Second Law of Motion in polar coordinates and defining a critical position for boulder dislodgement. We find that the boulder dislodgement is not only a function of the causative wave, but also of the roughness in the vicinity of the boulder and the slope angle. We employ the amplitude of storm and tsunami waves to dislodge boulders of given masses to evaluate if boulder dislodgement in storms can be untangled from boulder transport in tsunamis. As the main result of our numerical experiments, we find a significant difference between storm and tsunami waves to dislodge the same boulder for large masses and large roughness values. This allows us to conclude that simple theories are applicable to answer the questions asked in the title, but we argue only if they contain a critical dislodgement condition like the one presented here.