Anthropogenic impacts on vegetation and biodiversity of the lower Yangtze region during the mid-Holocene
Anthropogenic impacts on vegetation and biodiversity of the lower Yangtze region during the mid-Holocene
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107881
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Y. Liu;Li-Chan Xiao;Zhongjing Cheng;Xiaoqiang Liu;Jinqi Dai;Xiaoshuang Zhao;Jing Chen;Mao-tian Li-Ma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Liu;Li-Chan Xiao;Zhongjing Cheng;Xiaoqiang Liu;Jinqi Dai;Xiaoshuang Zhao;Jing Chen;Mao-tian Li-Ma
全新世人类活动及其对植被和植物多样性的影响引起了考古学界和考古学界的严重关注。长江下游地区作为水稻农业的起源中心，在全新世的大部分时间里有着悠久的人类居住历史。然而，早期人类活动对该区域生态系统的影响仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们提出了一个多学科的研究，包括花粉和木炭分析三个不同的沉积物芯（TJA，YJ 1503和PW）沿着梯度的人类干扰解开人类和气候对植被的影响，在沿海地区的LYR。研究结果表明，在距今7 kyr至4kyr的新石器时代，人类在经历了从盐沼到淡水湿地的环境变迁之后，才发展出了稻作农业，这主要得益于火，特别是刀耕火种的活动。无论是植被组成和植物多样性的混交林的LYR响应这些早期人类干扰的阈值效应。然而，当人类活动停止/减弱时，植物多样性迅速恢复，植被组成显示出与火灾前状况的差异，这表明了持久的影响。我们建议，不同的火灾后恢复策略的不同物种，如栎常绿comp. versusPinusmassonania，将占这种差异。
Human perturbation and its impact on vegetation and plant diversity during the Holocene have caused serious concerns for the biogeological and geoarchaeological communities. As a centre of origin of rice agriculture, the lower Yangtze region (LYR) has a long history of human occupation over most of the Holocene. However, early anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem of the region remain elusive. Here we present a multidisciplinary study including pollen and charcoal analysis on three different sediment cores (TJA, YJ1503 and PW) along a gradient of human interference to disentangle human and climatic influences on vegetation in the coastal area of the LYR. The results show that rice farming which developed after an environmental transition from salt marsh to freshwater wetland was mainly assisted by fire, particularly slash-and-burn practices by the Neolithic people between 7 and 4 kyr BP. Both the vegetation composition and plant diversity of the mixed forests of the LYR responded to these early human perturbations with a threshold effect. However, whereas plant diversity rapidly recovered when human activity ceased/weakened, the vegetation composition showed differences from the pre-fire condition, indicating a lasting effect. We propose that the varied post-fire recovery strategies of different species, e.g.Quercusevergreen comp. versusPinusmassonania, would account for this discrepancy.