How to select substrate for alleviating clogging in the subsurface flow constructed wetland?
How to select substrate for alleviating clogging in the subsurface flow constructed wetland?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154529
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hui Zhong;N. Hu;Qinghua Wang;Yucheng Chen;Lei Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hui Zhong;N. Hu;Qinghua Wang;Yucheng Chen;Lei Huang
人工湿地是一种经济有效、环境友好的水体修复生态技术，特别是在分散的社区和农村地区。植物生长、生物膜形成、污染物附着于基质是潜流连续流(SSFCW)系统的主要支撑结构。SSFCW基质长期运行后，物理、化学、生物过程中的堵塞容易造成堵塞，从而降低处理效率和使用寿命，并导致污水间歇排放，直到CW表面出现最后指示。随之而来的是恶臭和蚊子滋生，从而影响环境卫生。基质堵塞是SSFCW长期运行中最严重、最具挑战性、也是不可避免的问题。本研究综述了基质对水煤浆堵塞的影响，将堵塞分为物理堵塞、化学堵塞和生物堵塞，并分析了可缓解或加剧水煤浆堵塞的基质。可以缓解堵塞的推荐基质包括塑料、橡胶、土壤混合物、核桃壳、生物炭、有机废物、明矾泥和轻集料，而壳、钢渣、高炉渣、沸石和土壤容易产生磷堵塞物质。CW基质堵塞是三种具有协同作用的堵塞的混合物，上述相应的堵塞缓解基质可以用来缓解三种堵塞中最严重的一种，从而降低协同作用，从而促进水煤浆的稳定运行和技术水平。本综述旨在通过对缓解堵塞的基质的有针对性的建议，促进为CW的稳定运行和技术水平而科学地选择基质。未来的研究应侧重于进水水质和基质类型对堵塞的影响，并以废物为基质缓解堵塞，同时减轻废物处理对环境的负面影响。
Constructed wetland (CW) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly ecological technology for contaminated water remediation, especially in dispersed communities and rural areas. Plants grow, biofilms form, and pollutants attach to the substrate, which is the main supporting structure of a subsurface flow CW (SSFCW) system. After long-term operation, the accumulation of clogs from physical, chemical, and biological processes in SSFCW substrates can easily cause clogging, thus reducing treatment efficiency reduction and service life and causing no discharge of sewage by intermittent until last indicates in the CW surface. Subsequently, stench and mosquito breeding occur, thus influencing environmental sanitation. Substrate clogging is the most serious, challenging, and inevitable problem in the long-term operation of SSFCWs. The present study reviews the effects of substrates on clogging categorized into physical, chemical, and biological clogging and analyzes the substrates that can alleviate/aggravate clogging in CWs. The recommended substrates that can relieve clogging include plastic, rubber, soil mixture, walnut shell, biochar, organic waste, alum sludge, and lightweight aggregate, while shell, steel slag, blast furnace slag, zeolite, and soil may easily generate phosphorus-clogging substances. CW substrate clogging is a mixture of three clogs with synergistic effects, and the corresponding clogging mitigation substrates mentioned above can be used to alleviate the most severe among the three types of clogs to reduce the synergy, and thus to promote stable operation and technology level of CWs. This review aims to promote the scientific selection of substrates for the stable operation and technical level of CW through targeted recommendations for substrates that relieve clogging. Future studies should focus the effects of influent water quality and substrate type on clogging, and waste as substrate to alleviate clogging, while mitigating the negative environmental impact of waste treatment.