Antimicrobial peptides
Antimicrobial peptides
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaad.2004.08.026
复制
发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Gallo, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Izadpanah, A;Gallo, RL
抗菌肽是一类具有广谱抗细菌、抗病毒和抗真菌活性的小分子蛋白质。这些进化保守的多肽通常是带正电荷的，并且具有疏水和亲水的一面，使分子能够溶解在水环境中，同时也进入富含脂质的膜。一旦进入目标微生物膜，该肽就会通过不同的机制杀死目标细胞。毛滴菌素和防御素是表皮AMPs的主要类群。在特应性皮炎和柯斯特曼综合征(一种先天性中性粒细胞减少症)患者中，这些多肽水平下降已被注意到。除了重要的抗微生物特性外，越来越多的证据表明，急性心肌梗死通过受体依赖的相互作用改变宿主的免疫反应。AMPS已被证明在血管生成、伤口愈合和趋化等多种功能中发挥着重要作用。随着我们对AMP生物学知识的扩展，这些多肽的确切作用和相关性将得到更好的阐明。学习目标：在完成本学习活动后，参与者应该能够区分不同类别的抗菌肽。与会者应认识到各种抗菌肽的抗菌特性和独特的免疫调节作用，以及它们目前所了解的与相关皮肤病的关系。
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecular weight proteins with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These evolutionarily conserved peptides are usually positively charged and have both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic side that enables the molecule to be soluble in aqueous environments yet also enter lipid-rich membranes. Once in a target microbial membrane, the peptide kills target cells through diverse mechanisms. Cathelicidins and defensins are major groups of epidermal AMPs. Decreased levels of these peptides have been noted for patients with atopic dermatitis and Kostmann's syndrome, a congenital neutropenia. In addition to important antimicrobial properties, growing evidence indicates that AMI's alter the host immune response through receptor-dependent interactions. AMPs have been shown to be important in such diverse functions as angiogenesis, wound healing, and chemotaxis. As our knowledge of AMP biology expands, the precise role and relevance of these peptides will be better elucidated.Learning objective: At the completion of this learning activity, participants should be able to distinguish the different classes of antimicrobial peptides. Participants should recognize the antimicrobial properties and unique immunomodulatory effects of various antimicrobial peptides and their currently understood association in relevant skin diseases.