Inter-party Competition in Advanced Democracies
Inter-party Competition in Advanced Democracies
复制标题
先进民主国家的政党间竞争
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kaare W. Strøm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaare W. Strøm
政治竞争，特别是党际竞争，是自由民主思想中的一个重要概念。本文提出了政党竞争的三个概念（或维度）：（1）竞争性，（2）利益冲突和（3）绩效敏感性。每个维度都是可操作的，并提供了15个先进民主国家，1950年至1987年的比较时间序列数据。政党间的竞争主要表现为国家之间的差异，但也跨时间。文章的第二部分探讨了政党间竞争中跨国差异的社会人口学、经济和组织解释。基于这些理论的因果模型的指定和估计。该模型产生了更强的结果比利益冲突的稳定性和性能的敏感性。最后，讨论了政党间竞争对个人、组织和政治制度可能产生的后果。
Political competition, and especially inter-party competition, is a key concept in liberal democratic thought. This article develops three conceptions (or dimensions) of inter-party competition: (1) Contestability, (2) Conflict of Interest and (3) Performance Sensitivity. Each dimension is operationalized, and comparative time series data are presented for 15 advanced democracies, 1950-87. Inter-party competition is shown to vary mostly between countries, but also inter-temporally. The second part of the article investigates socio-demographic, economic and organizational explanations of cross-national differences in inter-party competition. A causal model based on these theories is specified and estimated. The model yields stronger results for contestability and performance sensitivity than for conflict of interest. Finally, possible consequences of inter-party competition for individuals, organizations and political systems are discussed.