Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)
Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)
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DOI：
10.1017/s1755691011020056
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Wang, Steve C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brusatte, Stephen L.;Benton, Michael J.;Wang, Steve C.
始祖龙在三叠纪和侏罗纪早期的崛起一直被视为化石记录中进化辐射的经典例子。本文对已发表的研究进行了综述，并提供了有关三叠纪早侏罗世始祖龙的起源、多样性和谱系演化、形态差异、形态特征变化率和动物群丰度的新数据。始祖龙的基本谱系起源于三叠纪早期，与性格变化率最高的时期一致。差异和多样性在诺里安时期较晚达到顶峰，但差异的最显著增加发生在最大多样性之前。始龙是中三叠世早期动物群的稀有成分，但在晚三叠世更为丰富，到早侏罗世时在全球范围内占主导地位。始祖龙的辐射是一个旷日持久的事件，主要组成部分，如多样性和丰富度，彼此不协调。在晚三叠世，甲龙(鳄鱼线始祖龙)比原始龙(包括恐龙)更加不同、多样化和丰富，但这些角色在早侏罗世被颠倒了过来。没有强有力的证据表明，恐龙在晚三叠世的竞争中超过或逐渐超过了克鲁塔斯人。取而代之的是，甲壳动物的多样性在三叠纪末期的灭绝时急剧减少，这有助于迎来恐龙统治的时代。
The rise of archosaurs during the Triassic and Early Jurassic has been treated as a classic example of an evolutionary radiation in the fossil record. This paper reviews published studies and provides new data on archosaur lineage origination, diversity and lineage evolution, morphological disparity, rates of morphological character change, and faunal abundance during the Triassic Early Jurassic. The fundamental archosaur lineages originated early in the Triassic, in concert with the highest rates of character change. Disparity and diversity peaked later, during the Norian, but the most significant increase in disparity occurred before maximum diversity. Archosaurs were rare components of Early Middle Triassic faunas, but were more abundant in the Late Triassic and pre-eminent globally by the Early Jurassic. The archosaur radiation was a drawn-out event and major components such as diversity and abundance were discordant from each other. Crurotarsans (crocodile-line archosaurs) were more disparate, diverse, and abundant than avemetatarsalians (bird-line archosaurs, including dinosaurs) during the Late Triassic, but these roles were reversed in the Early Jurassic. There is no strong evidence that dinosaurs outcompeted or gradually eclipsed crurotarsans during the Late Triassic. Instead, crurotarsan diversity decreased precipitously by the end-Triassic extinction, which helped usher in the age of dinosaurian dominance.