Molecular paleontology of transposable elements from Arabidopsis thaliana
Molecular paleontology of transposable elements from Arabidopsis thaliana
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1004030922447
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Jurka, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapitonov, VV;Jurka, J
我们报道了对拟南芥新的转座元件(TES)进行全面的计算机辅助分析的结果。我们的分析揭示了几个以前未知的POGO和EN/SPM样家族和两个新的DNA转座子超家族，Arnold和Harbinger。其中一个EN/SPM类家族(Atenspm)被发现参与在着丝粒旁区域产生卫星阵列。在已报道的两个超家族中，Harbinger与细菌IS5类插入元件有较远的亲缘关系，而Arnold含有没有末端反向重复序列(TIR)的DNA转座子，这在以前的真核生物中从未报道过。此外，我们还报道了大量年轻而多样的复制型自主和非自主逆转录元件，并讨论了它们与哺乳动物逆转录病毒的潜在进化关系。拟南芥基因组中含有CopiA样反转录元件，编码先前在大豆SIRE-1反转录转座子中报道的包膜蛋白。最后，我们展示了一种非随机的染色体分布，最丰富的拟南芥TES聚集在第二染色体的前半部分，其中包括着丝粒区域。来自A.thaliana的TES家族相对年轻，极其多样化，而且比哺乳动物基因组的TES家族要小得多。我们讨论了决定哺乳动物和拟南芥TES进化的相似性和差异性的潜在因素。
We report results of a comprehensive computer-assisted analysis of new transposable elements (TEs) from Arabidopsis thaliana. Our analysis revealed several previously unknown pogo- and En/Spm-like families and two novel superfamilies of DNA transposons, Arnold and Harbinger. One of the En/Spm-like families (Atenspm) was found to be involved in generating satellite arrays in paracentromeric regions. Of the two superfamilies reported, Harbinger is distantly related to bacterial IS5-like insertion elements, and Arnold contains DNA transposons without terminal inverted repeats (TIRs), which were never reported in eukaryotes before. Furthermore, we report a large number of young and diverse copia-like autonomous and nonautonomous retroelements and discuss their potential evolutionary relationship with mammalian retroviruses. The A.thaliana genome harbors copia-like retroelements which encode a putative env-like protein reported previously in the SIRE-1 retrotransposon from soybean. Finally, we demonstrate a nonrandom chromosomal distribution of the most abundant A.thaliana TEs clustered in the first half of chromosome II, which includes the centromeric region. The families of TEs from A.thaliana are relatively young, extremely diverse and much smaller than those from mammalian genomes. We discuss the potential factors determining similarities and differences in the evolution of TEs in mammals and A. thaliana.