OLIGOSACCHARIDES AS SIGNALS AND SUBSTRATES IN THE PLANT-CELL WALL
OLIGOSACCHARIDES AS SIGNALS AND SUBSTRATES IN THE PLANT-CELL WALL
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.103.1.1
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
AITKEN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRY, SC;ALDINGTON, S;AITKEN, J
寡糖是通过糖苷键相互连接的糖残基的任何短链。一些低聚糖在很低的浓度下就能对植物组织产生“信号”作用。这样的寡糖被称为“寡糖素”（Darvill等人，1992; Aldington和Fry，1993），他们的发现引起了许多研究。大多数已知的寡糖素是通过酸或酶催化细胞壁多糖的断裂而人工产生的。糖蛋白也被认为是寡糖素的来源。因此出现了这样的概念，多糖和糖蛋白，其中许多具有结构和/或酶的作用（Bacic等人，1988），也作为nove 1信号分子的锁定形式。有些寡糖素是“激发子”，即它们诱导的反应可能有助于植物抗病。然而，相同的和其他寡糖素也对生长和发育有影响，但与抗病性没有明显关系。这些非激发子效应将是本文的重点。毫不奇怪，一些寡糖素已被证明是特定植物酶的底物。事实上，对寡糖素的研究已经导致了新的细胞壁酶的发现。这方面也将进行探讨，因为它可能在某些情况下揭示了寡糖的作用模式，
An oligosaccharide is any short chain of sugar residues interconnected by glycosidic linkages. A few select oligosaccharides can, at very low concentrations, exert'signaling" effects on plant tissues. Such oligosaccharides are termed'oligosaccharins"(Darvill et al., 1992; Aldington and Fry, 1993), and their discovery has provoked much research. Most known oligosaccharins have been produced artificially by the acid-or enzyme-catalyzed fragmentation of cell wall polysaccharides. Glycoproteins have also been implicated as sources of oligosaccharins. The concept has thus arisen that polysaccharides and glycoproteins, many of which have structural and/or enzymic roles (Bacic et al., 1988), also act as the locked-up form of nove1 signaling molecules. Some oligosaccharins are" elicitors," ie they induce responses that may help the plant to resist disease. The same and other oligosaccharins, however, also have effects on growth and development that are not obviously related to disease resistance. These non-elicitor effects will be the emphasis of the present article.Not surprisingly, some oligosaccharins have tumed out to be substrates for specific plant enzymes. Indeed, studies of oligosaccharins have led to the discovery of new cell wall enzymes. This aspect will also be explored because it may in some cases shed light on the mode of action of oligosacchar-