Kink pair production and dislocation motion.

Kink pair production and dislocation motion.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep39708
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发表时间:
2016-12-22
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Fitzgerald SP
Fitzgerald SP
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fitzgerald SP

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被称为位错的扩展缺陷的运动控制着晶体材料的机械性能,如强度和延展性。在适度的外加载荷下,这种运动通过扭结对的热成核进行。众所周知,成核速率是外加载荷的一个高度非线性函数,其计算长期以来一直是一个理论挑战。本文采用随机路径积分的方法推导出一个简单、通用、精确的速率公式。这些预测与实验和计算研究非常一致,并且明确地解释了观测到的极端非线性的起源。该结果也可以应用于其他由弹性弦与周期势相互作用模拟的系统,例如超导体中的约瑟夫森结。
The motion of extended defects called dislocations controls the mechanical properties of crystalline materials such as strength and ductility. Under moderate applied loads, this motion proceeds via the thermal nucleation of kink pairs. The nucleation rate is known to be a highly nonlinear function of the applied load, and its calculation has long been a theoretical challenge. In this article, a stochastic path integral approach is used to derive a simple, general, and exact formula for the rate. The predictions are in excellent agreement with experimental and computational investigations, and unambiguously explain the origin of the observed extreme nonlinearity. The results can also be applied to other systems modelled by an elastic string interacting with a periodic potential, such as Josephson junctions in superconductors.
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.55.6180
发表时间: 1997-03-01
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