RICE FARMING IN THE SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS OF TANZANIA: MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, SOCIO-ECONOMIC ROLES AND PRODUCTION CONSTRAINTS
RICE FARMING IN THE SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS OF TANZANIA: MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, SOCIO-ECONOMIC ROLES AND PRODUCTION CONSTRAINTS
复制标题
坦桑尼亚南部高地的水稻种植：管理实践、社会经济作用和生产限制
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Tippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Ngailo;D. Tippe
这项研究是在两个地区的姆巴拉利和基拉著名的水稻生产在姆贝亚地区，在坦桑尼亚南部高地（SHT）。该研究旨在评估水稻作物的管理措施，社会经济作用和生产限制。采用横断面设计，在单个时间点收集数据。这两个地区是有目的地选择的，因为它们是SHT水稻生产最重要的地区。在每个区中，随机选择四个区，然后每个区选择四（4）个村庄，共八个研究村庄。在基拉区，那些村庄是Ipande（Ipande区）、Muungano（Ikolo区）、Kisale（Ipinda区）和Katele（Makwale区），而在姆巴拉利，对Mahango（Madibira区）、Kapunga（Itamboleo区）、Mbuyuni（Mapogoro区）和Ukwama（Mapogoro区）进行了调查。每个村随机抽取30名农民进行访谈，共计240名农民（每个区120名农民）。在这两个地区，还从第一手和第二手来源收集了数据。结果表明，只有极少数农户（<40%）采用了土壤肥力综合管理技术来提高作物产量，对农家肥（FYM）和民金谷磷矿粉（MRP）的使用意识很低。这项研究表明，大米是两个研究区的主要收入来源。每户家庭的年平均收入分别为180万坦桑尼亚先令和133，333坦桑尼亚先令，来自稻米和牲畜。然而，农业系统中提高水稻产量的关键驱动因素是改良种子的可用性、肥料的使用、与水管理有关的最佳耕作方法、杀虫剂和除草剂的可用性、机械化和可靠的市场。研究结论认为，稻米市场是主要的制约因素，因此需要建立可靠的营销渠道。
This study was conducted in two districts of Mbarali and Kyela famous for paddy production in Mbeya Region, in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania (SHT). The study aimed at evaluating management practices, socioeconomic roles and production constraints of rice crop. A crosssectional design was employed whereby data were collected at a single point in time. The two districts were purposively selected based on the fact that they are the most important for rice production in the SHT. In each district, four wards were randomly chosen and thereafter four (4) villages per ward were selected making a total of eight study villages. In Kyela District the villages were Ipande (Ipande ward), Muungano (Ikolo ward), Kisale (Ipinda ward) and Katele (Makwale ward) whereas in Mbarali; Mahango (Madibira ward), Kapunga (Itamboleo ward), Mbuyuni (Mapogoro ward) and Ukwama (Mapogoro ward) were studied. Thirty (30) farmers were randomly selected from each village for interviews, making a total of 240 farmers (120 farmers per district). In both districts data were also collected from both primary and secondary sources. Results showed that very few (<40%) farmers did apply integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) technologies for increased crop production, levels of awareness on the application of farmyard manure (FYM) and Minjingu Rock Phosphate (MRP) fertilisers in farms was very low. This study has shown that rice was the leading revenue source in both study districts. The mean annual incomes per household were Tsh 1.8 million and Tsh 133, 333 from rice and livestock, respectively. However, the key drivers for increased rice productivity in the farming system were found to be the availability of improved seeds, fertilizer use, and best farming methods related to water management, availability of insecticides and herbicides, mechanization and reliable market. The study concludes that the rice market is the main constraint and therefore reliable marketing channels needs to establish.