Gold nanoparticles ingested by oyster larvae are internalized by cells through an alimentary endocytic pathway
Gold nanoparticles ingested by oyster larvae are internalized by cells through an alimentary endocytic pathway
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DOI：
10.1080/17435390.2018.1487601
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Seta Noventa;Christian Hacker;Ana Correia;Claudia Drago;T. Galloway
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seta Noventa;Christian Hacker;Ana Correia;Claudia Drago;T. Galloway
摘要生物体从环境中吸收纳米颗粒的生物学归宿是评价其生态危害的关键问题。尽管其重要性，但由于在整个生物体体内研究中这样做的技术困难，它几乎没有得到解决。在这里，通过使用透射电子显微镜和能量色散X射线能谱（TEM-EDS），我们描述了表征全球生态和经济重要性的水生生物，日本牡蛎（太平洋牡蛎）的早期幼虫阶段，和分散在其环境中的模型金纳米颗粒之间的相互作用的关键方面。模型生物体的小尺寸允许NP的亚细胞分布的高通量可视化，提供摄取途径、细胞渗透机制和平衡生物累积的清除途径的全面和稳健的图片。我们发现，纳米颗粒被幼虫摄取，并通过消化吞饮/吞噬机制穿透细胞。它们在残留体内进行细胞内消化和储存，然后随粪便排泄或移位至内脏腔的吞噬体腔细胞以进行潜在的排出或进一步移位。我们的机械支持的研究结果突出了牡蛎幼虫和其他生物体的潜力，这些生物体具有细胞内消化过程，暴露于人造纳米颗粒，因此存在与其固有毒性相关的任何风险。
Abstract The biological fate of nanoparticles (NPs) taken up by organisms from their environment is a crucial issue for assessing ecological hazard. Despite its importance, it has scarcely been addressed due to the technical difficulties of doing so in whole organism in vivo studies. Here, by using transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS), we describe the key aspects that characterize the interaction between an aquatic organism of global ecological and economic importance, the early larval stage of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas), and model gold NPs dispersed in their environment. The small size of the model organism allowed for a high-throughput visualization of the subcellular distribution of NPs, providing a comprehensive and robust picture of the route of uptake, mechanism of cellular permeation, and the pathways of clearance counterbalancing bioaccumulation. We show that NPs are ingested by larvae and penetrate cells through alimentary pinocytic/phagocytic mechanisms. They undergo intracellular digestion and storage inside residual bodies, before excretion with feces or translocation to phagocytic coelomocytes of the visceral cavity for potential extrusion or further translocation. Our mechanistically-supported findings highlight the potential of oyster larvae and other organisms which feature intracellular digestion processes to be exposed to man-made NPs and thus any risks associated with their inherent toxicity.