The SLC16 gene family -: from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond
The SLC16 gene family -: from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond
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DOI：
10.1007/s00424-003-1067-2
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Meredith, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halestrap, AP;Meredith, D
单羧酸盐共转运体（MCT）家族目前包括14个成员，其中只有前四个成员（MCT1-MCT4）被实验证明可以催化代谢重要的单羧酸盐（如乳酸、丙酮酸和酮体）的质子连接转运。SLC16A10 （t型氨基酸转运蛋白-1，TAT1）是芳香氨基酸转运蛋白，其他成员有待鉴定。mct有12个跨膜结构域（TMDs），具有胞内N端和c端，在TMDs 6和7之间有一个大的胞内环。MCT1和MCT4需要一个单位辅助蛋白CD147在质膜上表达功能蛋白。乳酸在质膜上的运输是所有细胞代谢和pH调节的基础，它可以去除糖酵解产生的乳酸，并允许那些利用乳酸进行糖异生（肝脏和肾脏）或作为呼吸燃料（心脏和红肌）的细胞摄取乳酸。不同MCT异构体的特性及其组织分布和调控反映了这些作用。
The monocarboxylate cotransporter (MCT) family now comprises 14 members, of which only the first four (MCT1-MCT4) have been demonstrated experimentally to catalyse the proton-linked transport of metabolically important monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and ketone bodies. SLC16A10 (T-type amino-acid transporter-1, TAT1) is an aromatic amino acid transporter whilst the other members await characterization. MCTs have 12 transmembrane domains (TMDs) with intracellular N- and C-termini and a large intracellular loop between TMDs 6 and 7. MCT1 and MCT4 require a monotopic ancillary protein, CD147, for expression of functional protein at the plasma membrane. Lactic acid transport across the plasma membrane is fundamental for the metabolism of and pH regulation of all cells, removing lactic acid produced by glycolysis and allowing uptake by those cells utilizing it for gluconeogenesis (liver and kidney) or as a respiratory fuel (heart and red muscle). The properties of the different MCT isoforms and their tissue distribution and regulation reflect these roles.