Impact of menstrual blood loss and diet on iron deficiency among women in the UK
Impact of menstrual blood loss and diet on iron deficiency among women in the UK
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn20051493
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Fairweather-Tait, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harvey, LJ;Armah, CN;Fairweather-Tait, SJ
如果膳食铁不足以补充月经和其他铁损失，育龄妇女就有缺铁的风险。在富含肉类的饮食中，血红素铁占膳食铁摄入量的 10-15%，但可能占吸收铁总量的 40%。本研究的目的是确定饮食类型和月经铁流失对女性铁状况的相对影响。根据她们的习惯饮食招募了 90 名健康的绝经前妇女：红肉、家禽/鱼类或乳蛋素食。通过分析 7 天的重复饮食来确定铁的摄入量，并使用碱性血红素法测量月经铁的损失。相当大比例的女性（60%红肉、40%乳蛋素食、20%家禽/鱼类）铁储备较低（血清铁蛋白<10μg/l），但红肉组的中位血清铁蛋白浓度（6.8μg/l（四分位数间距3.3、16.25））显着低于家禽/鱼类组（17.5μg/l） （四分位距 11.3，22.4）（P < 0.01），各组之间膳食铁摄入量的平均值和标准差显着不同（P = 0.025）；红肉组的摄入量（10.9（sd 4.3）mg/d）显着低于乳蛋素食者（14.5（sd 5.5）mg/d），而家禽/鱼类组的摄入量显着较低。 (12.8 (sd 5.1) mg/d) 与其他组没有显着差异，总铁摄入量与铁状态之间没有关系，但月经铁流失量 (P=0.001) 和饮食组 (P=0.040) 是铁状态的显着预测因素：家禽/鱼类饮食与蛋奶素食饮食相比，与较高的铁储存量相关。识别月经流失量高的个体应该是预防铁缺乏策略的关键组成部分。
Women of childbearing age are at risk of Fe deficiency if insufficient dietary Fe is available to replace menstrual and other Fe losses. Haem Fe represents 10-15 % of dietary Fe intake in meat-rich diets but may contribute 40 % of the total absorbed Fe. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative effects of type of diet and menstrual Fe loss on Fe status in women. Ninety healthy premenopausal women were recruited according to their habitual diet: red meat, poultry/fish or lacto-ovo-vegetarian. Intake of Fe was determined by analysing 7 d duplicate diets, and menstrual Fe loss was measured using the alkaline haematin method. A substantial proportion of women (60 % red meat, 40 % lacto-ovo-vegetarian, 20 % poultry/fish) had low Fe stores (serum ferritin < 10 mu g/l), but the median serum ferritin concentration was significantly lower in the red meat group (6.8 mu g/l (interquartile range 3.3, 16.25)) than in the poultry/fish group (17.5 mu g/l (interquartile range 11.3, 22.4) (P < 0.01). The mean and standard deviation of dietary Fe intake were significantly different between the groups (P=0.025); the red meat group had a significantly lower intake (10.9 (sd 4.3) mg/d) than the lacto-ovo-vegetarians (14.5 (sd 5.5) mg/d), whereas that of the poultry/fish group (12.8 (sd 5.1) mg/d) was not significantly different from the other groups. There was no relationship between total Fe intake and Fe status, but menstrual Fe loss (P=0.001) and dietary group (P=0.040) were significant predictors of Fe status: poultry/fish diets were associated with higher Fe stores than lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets. Identifying individuals with high menstrual losses should be a key component of strategies to prevent Fe deficiency.