Application of Satellite Navigation System for Emergency Warning and Alerting
Application of Satellite Navigation System for Emergency Warning and Alerting
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卫星导航系统在应急预警报警中的应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2016.03.003
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Naohiko Kohtake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suelynn Choy;John Handmer;Joshua Whittaker;Yuki Shinoda;Tomohiro Hatori;Naohiko Kohtake
任何政府的主要责任之一是在紧急情况下向公众传达和传播安全信息和警告。传统上，预警是由政府通过电视和广播等传播渠道发布的。然而，这种垄断的方法现在受到能够向个人移动设备提供个性化警告的新技术和媒体的挑战。基于地点的紧急服务和移动警报在提供紧急警报方面越来越普遍。这些新的应急服务模式已被包括澳大利亚在内的世界上一些国家采用。一个例子是澳大利亚国家紧急警报（EA），这是一种基于电话的服务，增强了基于位置的功能。本文介绍了日本卫星系统等全球卫星导航系统在应急预警领域应用的概念。日本的卫星警报系统可以进行定制，在不受地面通信技术限制的情况下，向人们的移动设备传输基于位置的实时紧急警报。卫星通信的一个关键优势是它对通信网络过载和灾害期间地面系统和网络基础设施故障的高弹性。这使人们能够在灾难发生时随时随地（户外）获得必要的信息。基于卫星的预警系统也可以与现有的预警服务相结合，并作为一种补充技术加以使用。本文探讨了利用卫星导航系统在紧急情况和灾害期间传递警报和安全信息的机遇和挑战。
One of the key responsibilities of any government is to communicate and disseminate safety information and warnings to the general public in case of an emergency. Traditionally, warnings are issued by the government through a broadcast approach using communication channels such as TV and radio. However this monopolistic approach is now challenged by new technologies and media capable of providing individualised warnings to personal mobile devices. Location-based emergency services and mobile alerts are becoming increasingly prevalent in the provision of emergency warnings. These new modes of emergency services have been adopted by several countries worldwide including Australia. One example is the Australian National Emergency Alert (EA) which is a telephone-based service enhanced with location-based capabilities. This paper introduces the concept of applying global satellite navigation systems such as the Japanese satellite system in the domain of emergency warning and alerting. The Japanese satellite warning system can be tailored to transmit real-time location-based emergency warnings to people's mobile devices while not being constrained by the limitations of ground-based communication technologies. A key advantage of satellite based communication is its high resilience to communication network overload and failure of ground systems and network infrastructure during a disaster. This enables people to obtain necessary information anywhere (outdoor) and anytime during times of disaster. A satellite-based warning system could also be integrated with existing warning services and be used as a complementary technology. This paper examines opportunities and challenges for using satellite navigation systems to deliver warnings and safety messages during emergencies and disasters.