Community health profile of Windsor, Ontario, Canada: Anatomy of a Great Lakes area of concern
Community health profile of Windsor, Ontario, Canada: Anatomy of a Great Lakes area of concern
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DOI：
10.2307/3454645
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发表时间：
2001-12-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Brophy, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbertson, M;Brophy, J
在五大湖加拿大一侧的17个关注地区中，温莎关注地区的死亡率、住院发病率和先天性异常率在选定的终点中排名最高，这些终点可能与这个工业化程度相对较高的城市的污染有关。所有原因造成的死亡率和发病率都高于该省其他地区。异常高的发病率包括各种癌症；内分泌、营养、代谢和免疫紊乱；血液和造血器官疾病、神经系统和感觉器官疾病、循环和呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、皮肤和皮下组织疾病、肌肉骨骼系统疾病和结缔组织疾病；特别令人关切的是，许多这类疾病和病症的发病率较早开始上升。将这些事件发生率与安大略省南部另一个工业城市汉密尔顿的事件发生率进行比较表明，除了汽车制造和使用产生的各种本地工业污染源外，还应调查密歇根州底特律的跨界空气和水污染，将其作为温莎关注地区这些健康结果的潜在重要原因。在执行有效的补救方案以清理受污染的沉积物和控制泄漏的危险废物场址之前，可能需要扭转过去十年的一些体制和政治趋势。这一试点项目似乎是一种有用的初步方法，可以综合考虑人类健康问题，并为《大湖区水质协定》和《加拿大-美国空气质量协定》的管理确定优先事项。
The rates of mortality, morbidity as hospitalizations, and congenital anomalies in the Windsor Area of Concern ranked among the highest of the 17 Areas of Concern on the Canadian side of the Great Lakes for selected end points that might be related to pollution in this relatively highly industrialized city. Mortality and morbidity rates from all causes were higher than in the rest of the province. Anomalously high rates of diseases included various cancers; endocrine, nutritional, metabolic, and immunity disorders; diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, nervous system and sense organs, circulatory and respiratory systems, digestive system, genitourinary system, skin and subcutaneous tissue, musculoskeletal system and connective tissues; congenital anomalies, and infant mortality, Of particular concern was the early onset of the elevated rates of many of these diseases and conditions. Comparison of these incident rates with those in Hamilton, another industrial municipality in southern Ontario, suggested that in addition to a variety of local sources of industrial pollution from automobile manufacturing and use, transboundary air and water pollution from Detroit, Michigan, should be investigated as potentially important causes of these health outcomes in the Windsor Area of Concern. Some of the institutional and political trends of the past decade may need to be reversed before effective remedial programs are implemented for cleaning up contaminated sediments and for containment of leaking hazardous waste sites. This pilot project would seem to be a useful preliminary method of integrating human health concerns and of priority setting for the administration of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and the Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement.