Maternal Dietary Protein Intake Influences Milk and Offspring Gut Microbial Diversity in a Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Model
Maternal Dietary Protein Intake Influences Milk and Offspring Gut Microbial Diversity in a Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Model
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DOI：
10.3390/nu11092257
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发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
M. Warren;H. Hallowell;Keah V. Higgins;M. Liles;W. Hood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Warren;H. Hallowell;Keah V. Higgins;M. Liles;W. Hood
从历史上看，研究人员认为母乳中的微生物是污染物，但最近的数据表明，母乳微生物群可能有助于有益的母体效应。定殖于新生哺乳动物胃肠道的微生物至少部分源自母体微生物群体。牛奶来源的微生物群是这种微生物接种物的重要来源，我们假设母体饮食有助于这种微生物群落的变化。为了评估母亲的饮食和牛奶微生物组之间的关系，我们给雌性大鼠喂食低蛋白或高蛋白饮食，并将所有个体交配。在哺乳高峰期（产后14天）从母鼠收集乳汁和盲肠内容物，并通过16S rRNA基因扩增子测序评估每个群落的细菌组成。我们的研究结果表明，较高的膳食蛋白质摄入量减少粪便微生物多样性，但增加牛奶微生物和盲肠的多样性。此外，较高的膳食蛋白质摄入量导致更丰富的潜在健康促进细菌，如乳杆菌属。这些数据表明，膳食蛋白质水平导致母乳微生物群组成的显著变化，微生物接种物的这些变化的功能后果可能具有生物学意义，应进一步探讨。
Historically, investigators have assumed microorganisms identified in mother’s milk to be contaminants, but recent data suggest that milk microbiota may contribute to beneficial maternal effects. Microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of newborn mammals are derived, at least in part, from the maternal microbial population. Milk-derived microbiota is an important source of this microbial inocula and we hypothesized that the maternal diet contributes to variation in this microbial community. To evaluate the relationship between a mother’s diet and milk microbiome, we fed female rats a low- or high-protein diet and mated all individuals. Milk and cecal contents were collected from dams at peak lactation (14-day post-partum), and the bacterial composition of each community was assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed higher dietary protein intake decreased fecal microbial diversity but increased milk microbial and pup cecum diversity. Further, the higher dietary protein intake resulted in a greater abundance of potentially health-promoting bacteria, such as Lactobacillus spp. These data suggest that dietary protein levels contribute to significant shifts in the composition of maternal milk microbiota and that the functional consequences of these changes in microbial inocula might be biologically important and should be further explored.