Extreme Conditions in the Bering Sea (2017–2018): Record‐Breaking Low Sea‐Ice Extent
Extreme Conditions in the Bering Sea (2017–2018): Record‐Breaking Low Sea‐Ice Extent
复制标题
白令海的极端条件（2017-2018）：破纪录的低海冰范围
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
S. Bell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Stabeno;S. Bell
白令海有记录以来（1980-2019年）最低的冬季-最大面积海冰覆盖率发生在2017/2018年冬季。由于11月温暖的南风，海冰来得很晚。在12月和1月，更典型的北风（尽管温暖）使冰前进，但在2月和3月，强大，温暖的南风迫使冰后退。冷池（底层水< 2 °C的陆架区）是有记录以来最小的，这是由于两个相关的机制：（1）冬季海冰融化没有直接冷却，（2）较弱的垂直分层（没有冰融化降低了垂直盐度梯度），使表面加热在夏季渗透到近底层水。2019年2月，又一次爆发了温暖的南风，迫使冰撤退。自2016年以来，冬季爆发>31天南风的次数有所增加。
The lowest winter‐maximum areal sea‐ice coverage on record (1980–2019) in the Bering Sea occurred in the winter of 2017/2018. Sea ice arrived late due to warm southerly winds in November. More typical northerly winds (albeit warm) in December and January advanced the ice, but strong, warm southerlies in February and March forced the ice to retreat. The cold pool (shelf region with bottom water < 2 °C) was the smallest on record, because of two related mechanisms: (1) lack of direct cooling in winter by melting sea ice and (2) weaker vertical stratification (no ice melt reduced the vertical salinity gradient) allowing surface heating to penetrate into the near bottom water during summer. February 2019 exhibited another outbreak of warm southerly winds forcing ice to retreat. The number of >31‐day outbreaks of southerly winds in winter has increased since 2016.