On the Very Idea of Transitional Justice
On the Very Idea of Transitional Justice
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论过渡时期正义的理念
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Ohlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ohlin
虽然过渡时期司法有着惊人的成功，但这一概念仍然是一个谜。学者们在两个相互竞争的概念之间摇摆不定：特别正义与非过渡时期的正义有本质上的不同，而普通正义则由于种族灭绝或其他广泛暴力的有害影响而难以实现。本文认为，国际刑事司法目前跨越这两个概念令人不安。作为国际公法的一个分支，国际刑事司法的目标仍然是恢复国际和平与安全-这是一个结果主义的理由，在理论上可以证明偏离刑事司法的正常程序是合理的。但国际刑事司法也受到作为刑法基础的报应原则和道义原则的影响。因此，文章的结论是，这两个概念的过渡司法是一个固有的一部分，国际刑事司法。特别司法符合国际公法的集体安全目标，而普通司法则体现为通过刑事程序审判和惩罚个别罪犯。
Although transitional justice has had an amazingly successful career, the concept remains an enigma. Scholars have vacillated between two competing conceptions: special justice as qualitatively different from justice in non-transitional moments, versus ordinary justice that is simply difficult to achieve due to the pernicious effects of genocide or other widespread violence. This paper argues that international criminal justice currently straddles these two conceptions uncomfortably. As a branch of public international law, the goal of international criminal justice remains the restoration of international peace and security - a consequentialist rationale that could, in theory, justify departure from regular procedures of criminal justice. But international criminal justice is also informed by retributive and deontological principles at the foundation of criminal law. The Article therefore concludes that both conceptions of transitional justice are an inherent part of international criminal justice. Special justice accords with the collective security goals of public international law, while ordinary justice is embodied by the trial and punishment of individual offenders through the criminal process.