Microencapsulated diets to improve growth and survivorship in juvenile European flat oysters (Ostrea edulis).
Microencapsulated diets to improve growth and survivorship in juvenile European flat oysters (Ostrea edulis).
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微胶囊饲料可改善欧洲平牡蛎（Ostrea edulis）幼体的生长和存活率。
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.072
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Willer D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willer D
水产养殖的可持续发展对全球粮食安全至关重要，双壳贝类水产养殖是为人们提供负担得起的营养食品的可持续方法。按价值计算，牡蛎占全球双壳类市场的54%，在孵化场繁殖幼体对该行业的发展至关重要。在孵化场系统中，幼牡蛎的生长和存活受到次优饲料的限制。目前使用的活藻饲料价格昂贵，质量不稳定，容易受到污染，而且孵化场所需要的高水平技术和设备也受到限制。我们展示了一种新的微胶囊化饮食如何在实验室和孵化场环境下提高欧洲平生牡蛎（Ostrea edulis）幼崽的生长和存活率。微胶囊很容易大量生产，长期储存稳定，并且可以定制牡蛎生长所需的高水平营养物质。饲粮中添加微胶囊和藻类8 d后，与单独饲喂藻类相比，最大尺寸增加46%，最小尺寸增加171%，存活率提高5%。4 mm的edulis贝在饲喂7 周的组合饲料后，其存活率（孵化场高16%，实验室高58%）和生长（孵化场）相当或更好（实验室实验）。进一步调整微胶囊的营养成分以适应特定的双壳类物种或生长阶段，可以使微胶囊取代更大比例甚至完全取代藻类饲料。这些饮食有可能彻底改变全球的双壳贝类养殖。
Sustainable expansion of aquaculture is critical to global food security, and bivalve shellfish aquaculture represents a sustainable method to provide people with affordable nutritious food. Oysters represent 54% of the global bivalve market by value, with propagation of juveniles within hatcheries critical to allow the industry to grow. Growth and survival of juvenile oysters in hatchery systems is constrained by suboptimal feed. The live algal feed currently used is expensive, of variable quality, contamination prone, and the high level of skill and equipment required limits where hatcheries can be located. We demonstrate how a novel microencapsulated diet can increase the growth and survivorship of Ostrea edulis (European flat oyster) juveniles in both the laboratory and hatchery setting. The microcapsules are easily produced in large quantities, stable for long term storage, and can be customised to have exceptionally high levels of nutrients key for oyster growth.O. edulislarvae fed a combined diet of microcapsules and algae for 8 days had a 46% greater increase in maximum size, 171% greater increase in minimum size, and 5% higher survival than larvae fed algae alone.O. edulisspat of 4 mm fed the combined diet for 7 weeks also had significantly greater survivorship (16% greater in hatchery, 58% greater in laboratory) and growth comparable (hatchery) or better (laboratory experiments) than algae alone. Further tailoring of the nutritional composition of microcapsules to specific bivalve species or growth stages could allow microcapsules to replace a greater proportion of or even completely replace algal diets. There is potential for these diets to revolutionise bivalve shellfish farming globally.
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