Architecture of the type IVa pilus machine.
Architecture of the type IVa pilus machine.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aad2001
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发表时间:
2016-03-11
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jensen GJ
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chang YW;Rettberg LA;Treuner-Lange A;Iwasa J;Søgaard-Andersen L;Jensen GJ
Type IVa pili are filamentous cell surface structures observed in many bacteria. They pull cells forward by extending, adhering to surfaces, and then retracting. We used cryo–electron tomography of intact Myxococcus xanthus cells to visualize type IVa pili and the protein machine that assembles and retracts them (the type IVa pilus machine, or T4PM) in situ, in both the piliated and nonpiliated states, at a resolution of 3 to 4 nanometers. We found that T4PM comprises an outer membrane pore, four interconnected ring structures in the periplasm and cytoplasm, a cytoplasmic disc and dome, and a periplasmic stem. By systematically imaging mutants lacking defined T4PM proteins or with individual proteins fused to tags, we mapped the locations of all 10 T4PM core components and the minor pilins, thereby providing insights into pilus assembly, structure, and function. Bacterial type IVa pilus machine (T4PM). Two T4PMs are depicted on the left, spanning the envelope of a Gram-negative bacterial cell. T4PMs extend and retract pili to pull cells forward. The structural data presented here support the hypothesis that ATP hydrolysis in the cytoplasm causes an adapter protein in the inner membrane to rotate, facilitating the transfer of pilin subunits from the inner membrane onto the growing pilus. The process is reversed during retraction.
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