Real-time garbage collection for flash-memory storage systems of real-time embedded systems
Real-time garbage collection for flash-memory storage systems of real-time embedded systems
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DOI：
10.1145/1027794.1027801
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发表时间：
2004-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Li-Pin Chang;Tei-Wei Kuo;Shi-Wu Lo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li-Pin Chang;Tei-Wei Kuo;Shi-Wu Lo
闪存技术由于其抗震、省电和非易失性的特性，在构建嵌入式系统应用中变得至关重要。随着近年来闪存技术在存储容量和可靠性方面的突破，闪存存储系统在各种嵌入式系统中得到了广泛的应用。然而，由于闪存是一个写一次和批量擦除介质，我们需要一个翻译层和垃圾收集机制，为应用程序提供一个透明的存储服务。在过去的工作中，引入了各种技术来改善垃圾收集机制。这些技术旨在解决性能和耐久性问题，但它们都未能为应用程序提供有保证的性能。在本文中，我们提出了一个实时垃圾收集机制，它提供了一个有保证的性能，硬实时系统。另一方面，所提出的机制支持非实时任务，使存储系统的潜在带宽可以得到充分利用。提出了一种作为非实时服务执行的磨损均衡方法来解决闪存的耐久性问题。所提出的机制的能力证明了一系列的实验在我们的系统原型。
Flash-memory technology is becoming critical in building embedded systems applications because of its shock-resistant, power economic, and nonvolatile nature. With the recent technology breakthroughs in both capacity and reliability, flash-memory storage systems are now very popular in many types of embedded systems. However, because flash memory is a write-once and bulk-erase medium, we need a translation layer and a garbage-collection mechanism to provide applications a transparent storage service. In the past work, various techniques were introduced to improve the garbage-collection mechanism. These techniques aimed at both performance and endurance issues, but they all failed in providing applications a guaranteed performance. In this paper, we propose a real-time garbage-collection mechanism, which provides a guaranteed performance, for hard real-time systems. On the other hand, the proposed mechanism supports non-real-time tasks so that the potential bandwidth of the storage system can be fully utilized. A wear-leveling method, which is executed as a non-real-time service, is presented to resolve the endurance problem of flash memory. The capability of the proposed mechanism is demonstrated by a series of experiments over our system prototype.