Historical glacier change on Svalbard predicts doubling of mass loss by 2100

Historical glacier change on Svalbard predicts doubling of mass loss by 2100
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斯瓦尔巴群岛历史上的冰川变化预测到 2100 年冰川质量损失将增加一倍

DOI:
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
J. Kohler
J. Kohler
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Emily C. Geyman;Ward J. J. van Pelt;A. Maloof;H. F. Aas;J. Kohler

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冰川和冰帽的融化约占目前海平面上升的三分之一1 -3,超过了更大面积的格陵兰岛或南极冰盖的质量损失3,4。斯瓦尔巴群岛的北极,它主机的空间气候梯度大于预期的时间气候变化在未来一个世纪5,6,是一个天然的实验室,以约束冰川的气候敏感性,并预测他们对未来变暖的反应。在这里,我们将历史和现代冰川观测相结合,预测21世纪世纪冰川变薄的速度将是1936年至2010年的两倍多。利用1936年和1938年的历史航空影像档案,我们使用运动恢复结构摄影测量法重建了斯瓦尔巴群岛1,594个冰川的三维几何形状。我们将这些重建与现代冰高程数据进行比较,以获得70多年时间跨度内质量平衡的空间模式,使我们能够通过年度和十年变化的噪音来量化温度和降水等变量如何控制冰损失。我们发现了一个强大的温度依赖性的融化速率,其中1 °C的夏季平均温度上升对应于减少-0.28 m yr-1的水当量的面积归一化的质量平衡。最后,我们设计了一个时空替代8,将我们的历史冰川观测与气候预测相结合,对斯瓦尔巴特群岛21世纪的冰川变化进行一阶预测。历史照片、现代观测和一个简单的时空替代方法预测,斯瓦尔巴特群岛的冰川质量损失将在21世纪翻一番。
The melting of glaciers and ice caps accounts for about one-third of current sea-level rise1–3, exceeding the mass loss from the more voluminous Greenland or Antarctic Ice Sheets3,4. The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, which hosts spatial climate gradients that are larger than the expected temporal climate shifts over the next century5,6, is a natural laboratory to constrain the climate sensitivity of glaciers and predict their response to future warming. Here we link historical and modern glacier observations to predict that twenty-first century glacier thinning rates will more than double those from 1936 to 2010. Making use of an archive of historical aerial imagery7 from 1936 and 1938, we use structure-from-motion photogrammetry to reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry of 1,594 glaciers across Svalbard. We compare these reconstructions to modern ice elevation data to derive the spatial pattern of mass balance over a more than 70-year timespan, enabling us to see through the noise of annual and decadal variability to quantify how variables such as temperature and precipitation control ice loss. We find a robust temperature dependence of melt rates, whereby a 1 °C rise in mean summer temperature corresponds to a decrease in area-normalized mass balance of −0.28 m yr−1 of water equivalent. Finally, we design a space-for-time substitution8 to combine our historical glacier observations with climate projections and make first-order predictions of twenty-first century glacier change across Svalbard. Historical photographs, modern observations, and a simple space-for-time substitution approach predict that glacier mass loss from Svalbard is poised to double over the twenty-first century.
DOI: 10.3389/feart.2018.00128
发表时间: 2018-09-06
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
Moeller,Marco;Kohler,Jack
通讯作者: Kohler,Jack
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DOI: 10.1029/2018gl079734
发表时间: 2018
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
J.J. Fürst;F. Navarro;F. Gillet-Chaulet;M. Huss;G. Moholdt;X. Fettweis;C. Lang;T. Seehaus;T.J. Benham;D.I. Benn;H. Björnsson;J.A. Dowdeswell;M. Grabiec;J. Kohler;I. Lavrentiev;K. Lindbäck;K. Melvold;R. Pettersson;D. Rippin
通讯作者: D. Rippin
DOI: 10.5194/tc-11-2003-2017
发表时间: 2017-09
期刊: The Cryosphere
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: J. Fürst;F. Gillet‐Chaulet;T. Benham;J. Dowdeswell;M. Grabiec;F. Navarro;R. Pettersson;G. Moholdt;C. Nuth;Björn-Lukas Saß;K. Aas;X. Fettweis;C. Lang;T. Seehaus;M. Braun
DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-17-0863.1
发表时间: 2018-12-01
期刊: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
影响因子: 4.9
作者:
Beaulieu, Claudie;Killick, Rebecca
通讯作者: Killick, Rebecca
DOI: 10.1017/jog.2019.62
发表时间: 2019-10-01
影响因子: 3.4
作者:
Benn, D., I;Fowler, A. C.;Sevestre, H.
通讯作者: Sevestre, H.