Jet Formation in Black Hole Accretion Systems I: Theoretical Unification Model
Jet Formation in Black Hole Accretion Systems I: Theoretical Unification Model
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黑洞吸积系统中的射流形成 I：理论统一模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
J. McKinney
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. McKinney
两种类型的相对论性喷流被建议形成附近的吸积黑洞：一个潜在的超相对论性坡印廷主导喷流和坡印廷重子喷流。喷流物质的一个来源是电子-正电子对的产生，这是由伽玛暴中的中微子湮灭和活动星系核和x射线双星中的光子湮灭驱动的。伽玛暴坡印廷主导的喷流也加载了电子质子对的碰撞级联的菲克扩散的自由中子。我们表明，对于Bracksar模型，中微子驱动的焓通量（经典火球模型）可能是占主导地位的Blandford-Znajek能量通量，预测射流洛伦兹因子为$\Gamma\sim 100-1000$。我们发现，辐射效率低的活动星系核，如M87，同步加速器冷却限制在$\Gamma\sim 2-10$。辐射效率高的X射线双星，如GRS 1915 +105，康普顿阻力限制在$\Gamma \lesssim 2$，但喷流可能会被康普顿阻力破坏。然而，坡印廷重子喷流是一个准直流出与$\Gamma \sim 1-3$。来自高辐射效率系统的喷流，例如微类星体GRS 1915 +105，可能是一种坡印廷重子喷流，只有在盘的几何厚度较大时才具有相对论性。在配套文件中，广义相对论流体磁模拟黑洞吸积与对创建被用来模拟喷流形成的伽玛暴，活动星系核，和x射线双星。
Two types of relativistic jets are suggested to form near accreting black holes: a potentially ultrarelativistic Poynting-dominated jet and a Poynting-baryon jet. One source of jet matter is electron-positron pair production, which is driven by neutrino annihilation in GRBs and photon annihilation in AGN and x-ray binaries. GRB Poynting-dominated jets are also loaded by electron-proton pairs by the collisional cascade of Fick-diffused free neutrons. We show that, for the collapsar model, the neutrino-driven enthalpy flux (classic fireball model) is probably dominated by the Blandford-Znajek energy flux, which predicts a jet Lorentz factor of $\Gamma\sim 100-1000$. We show that radiatively inefficient AGN, such as M87, are synchrotron-cooling limited to $\Gamma\sim 2-10$. Radiatively efficient x-ray binaries, such as GRS1915+105, are Compton-drag limited to $\Gamma \lesssim 2$, but the jet may be destroyed by Compton drag. However, the Poynting-baryon jet is a collimated outflow with $\Gamma \sim 1-3$. The jet from radiatively efficient systems, such as microquasar GRS1915+105, may instead be a Poynting-baryon jet that is only relativistic when the disk is geometrically thick. In a companion paper, general relativistic hydromagnetic simulations of black hole accretion with pair creation are used to simulate jet formation in GRBs, AGN, and x-ray binaries.