Simulated Indigenous fire stewardship increases the population growth rate of an understorey herb
Simulated Indigenous fire stewardship increases the population growth rate of an understorey herb
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2745.13542
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发表时间：
2020-11-29
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Lake, Frank K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart-Fredeluces, G. M.;Ticktin, Tamara;Lake, Frank K.
了解植物种群如何响应多种驱动因素对于全球变化下的生物多样性保护越来越重要。土著知识可以为可持续管理提供指导，但其在新生态系统中的应用结果却鲜为人知。模拟重新引入土著管理在当代背景下与人口模型允许不同的管理方案的比较和阐明的机制驱动人口outcome.Beargrass Xerophyllum tenax. Beargrass旱蕨是一个生态和文化上重要的下层植物通过火和叶收获由美洲原住民管理。我们收集了熊草的人口和非生物数据超过3年的火灾严重程度在9个人口，并进行了一项实验，以模拟美洲原住民叶收集。这些数据被用来建立积分预测模型（IPM）与土壤水分和光的可用性作为协变量。有了这些IPM，我们模拟了未来火灾和树叶收获情景下的随机种群增长率。然后，我们分解我们的模拟结果使用随机生命表响应实验（SLTREs）。“无火灾”和“一切照旧”（180年火灾重现期，58%的概率高严重火灾）的情况下，导致较低的人口增长率比“土著火灾管理”（10年火灾重现期，10%的概率高严重火灾）。SLTREs显示，土著管理导致更高的熊草人口增长率，由于更大的火灾频率，更高的成年人生存率和增加的营养繁殖。在模拟中，火也与收获相互作用;树叶收获仅在与土著火管理相结合时才能增加种群增长率。随机和回顾性的人口动态工具，结合对土著管理实践的理解，可以比较未来的社会生态情景，以及对情景之间差异的机械理解。模拟土著管理支持X的长期存在。tenax人口，而业务照常，没有火灾没有。土著人对人口动态的管理所带来的好处，以及多种驱动因素相互作用的复杂性，为土著人和西方知识体系之间的合作提供了进一步的动力。旱蕨作为一个模型系统，探讨土著管理的影响，或其缺乏，对人口动态。
Understanding how plant populations respond to multiple drivers is increasingly critical for biodiversity conservation under global change. Indigenous knowledge can provide guidance for sustainable management, but the outcome of its application in novel ecosystems is rarely known. Simulating the re-introduction of Indigenous stewardship in contemporary contexts with population models allows for the comparison of different management scenarios and the elucidation of the mechanisms driving population outcomes.Beargrass Xerophyllum tenax is an ecologically and culturally important understorey plant managed through fire and leaf harvest by Native Americans. We collected demographic and abiotic data on beargrass over 3 years across fire severities in nine populations and conducted an experiment to simulate Native American leaf gathering. These data were used to build integral projections models (IPMs) with soil moisture and light availability as covariates. With these IPMs, we simulated stochastic population growth rates across future fire and leaf harvest scenarios. We then decomposed our simulation results using stochastic life table response experiments (SLTREs).The 'no fire' and 'business as usual' (180-year fire return interval, 58% probability of high-severity fire) scenarios resulted in lower population growth rates than 'Indigenous fire stewardship' (10-year fire return interval, 10% chance of high-severity fire). SLTREs revealed that Indigenous stewardship led to higher beargrass population growth rates due to greater fire frequency, higher adult survival and increased vegetative reproduction. Fire also interacted with harvest in the simulations; leaf harvest increased population growth rate only in combination with Indigenous fire stewardship.Synthesis. Stochastic and retrospective population dynamics tools combined with an understanding of Indigenous management practices allow for the comparison of future socio-ecological scenarios as well as mechanistic understanding of differences between scenarios. Simulated Indigenous stewardship supported the long-term persistence of X. tenax populations while business as usual and no fire did not. The benefits of Indigenous stewardship to population dynamics, and the complexity of interactive effects of multiple drivers, provide further impetus for collaboration across Indigenous and western knowledge systems. Xerophyllum tenax is presented as a model system to explore the influence of Indigenous stewardship, or its absence, on population dynamics.